Fig. 3
From: Kidney and urogenital abnormalities in Down syndrome: a meta-analysis
Lower urinary tract dysfunction in Down syndrome. The upper panel depicts the relative risk, i.e. the ratio of the risk in Down syndrome compared to the risk in non affecte subjects. The pooled relative risk was 2.95 (95% C.I.: 1.15–7.56). The lower panel depicts the proportion of Down patients with a lower urinary tract dysfunction. The pooled proportion was 50.4% (95% CI: 24.4–76.3)