Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of high PD risk mothers vs low PD risk mothers
Mothers at high risk of PD (n = 298) | Mothers at low risk of PD (n = 824) | Prevalence % | p-value** | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age group* | ||||||
Mean age (SD) | 31.95 (5.60) | 33.23 (4.54) | 0 | |||
< 25 years | 35 | 25 | 58.3 | 4.25 (2.50-7.23) | 3.12 (1.88-5.82) | |
≥ 25 years | 263 | 798 | 24.8 | 1 | 1 | |
Nationality* | ||||||
Italian | 205 | 687 | 23 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Non Italian | 92 | 131 | 41.3 | 2.35 (1.73-3.20) | 2.01 (1.43-2.82) | |
Marital status | ||||||
Married^ | 283 | 805 | 26 | 0.019 | 1 | 1 |
Single | 15 | 19 | 44.1 | 2.25 (1.13-4.48) | 1.49 (0.69-3.19) | |
Educational level* | ||||||
Primary | 6 | 4 | 60 | 0.001 | 4.58 (1.28-16.38) | 2.30 (0.58-9.12) |
Middle | 55 | 98 | 35.9 | 1.71 (1.19-2.46) | 1.34 (0.90-1.99) | |
High+ | 234 | 715 | 24.7 | 1 | 1 | |
Number of pregnancies* | ||||||
1 | 209 | 494 | 29.7 | 0.002 | 1.56 (1.17-2.07) | 1.33 (0.98-1.80) |
≥ 2 | 89 | 328 | 21.3 | 1 | 1 | |
Feeding of infant* | ||||||
Breastfeeding | 178 | 573 | 23.7 | 0.003 | 1 | 1 |
Bottlefeeding# | 109 | 227 | 32.4 | 1.54 (1.16-2.04) | 1.67 (1.20-2.17) | |
Employment* | ||||||
No | 94 | 209 | 31 | 0.097 | 1.28 (0.95-1.72) | |
Yes | 213 | 605 | 26 | 1 | ||
Pathology of mother | ||||||
No | 164 | 473 | 25.7 | 0.479 | 1 | |
Yes | 134 | 351 | 27.6 | 1.10 (0.84-1.44) | ||
Pathology of father* | ||||||
No | 85 | 250 | 25.4 | 0.988 | 1 | |
Yes | 41 | 121 | 25.3 | 1.00 (0.63-1.57) | ||
Gestational Age* | ||||||
≤ 36 wk | 19 | 55 | 25.7 | 0.872 | 0.96 (0.54-1.69) | |
> 36 wk | 277 | 767 | 26.5 | 1 | ||
Delivery* | ||||||
Vaginal | 173 | 535 | 24.4 | 0.058 | 1 | |
Abdominal | 120 | 285 | 29.6 | 1.30 (0.99-1.71) | ||
Gender of infant | ||||||
Male | 149 | 421 | 26.1 | 0.747 | 1 | |
Female | 149 | 403 | 27 | 1.04 (0.79-1.37) | ||
Weight at birth* | ||||||
≤ 2500 g | 19 | 45 | 29.7 | 0.543 | 1.19 (0.68-2.06) | |
> 2500 g | 277 | 779 | 26.2 | 1 | ||
Pathology of infant | ||||||
No | 217 | 621 | 25.9 | 0.687 | 1 | |
Yes | 77 | 207 | 27.2 | 1.06 (0.78-1.46) | ||
Hospitalization of infant | ||||||
No | 286 | 814 | 26 | 0.893 | 1 | |
Yes | 6 | 16 | 28.6 | 1.07 (0.37-2.93) | ||
Season of interview* | ||||||
Autumn | 53 | 176 | 23.1 | 0.568 | 1 | |
Winter | 57 | 164 | 25.8 | 1.15 (0.75-1.77) | ||
Spring | 100 | 254 | 28.2 | 1.31 (0.89-1.92) | ||
Summer | 86 | 230 | 27.2 | 1.24 (0.84-1.84) |