Table 1 Aortopexy review of the literature
From: Aortopexy for the treatment of tracheomalacia in children: review of the literature
Author | Period | SIGN classification | N° | Cause of TM | Diagnostic | Intraoperative broncoscopy | Operation | Complication/ reoperations | Outcome | F-UP months |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Schwartz et al. J Pediatr Surg 1980 | 1977-1979 | D | 8 | OA | 8BS 8B | 8 | 8 AP | 1 VRD | 7G 1D | 20 |
Blair et al. J Pediatr Surg 1986 | 1978-1985 | C | 25 | 18OA 6AAA 1 O | 25BS 25B | 23 | 21 AP 2 AP+TS 2 TS | 4 TS 1 VRD | 21G 4D | 48 |
Greenholz et al. J Pediatr Surg 1986 | 1977-1984 | C | 41 | 5 OA 6 IA 10 AAA 17 IT 6 O | 28 BS 27 AG 41B | 17 | 19 AP 1 LTP 11 O 15 NS | - | 35 G 2 P 4D | 21 |
Malone et al. Arch Dis Child 1990 | 1986-1988 | C | 17 | 17 IT | 17B | - | 17 AP | 4 AP+TP 4 T | 7G 9W 1D | RS |
Clevenger et al. Ann Thorac Surg 1990 | 1985-1990 | C | 12 | 6 OA 10 IA 2 AAA | 6 BS 12 B | - | 12 AP 3 VRD | 3 recurrent apnoea 3 ventilator dependence 11 major complication | 5 G 6 P 1 D | 10.5 |
Dohlemann et al. J Pediatr Surg 1990 | 1990 | D | 3 | 1 OA 2O | 2 BS 2 AG 3 B | 3 | 3 AP | - | 3G | - |
Brawn et al. J Pediatr Surg 1991 | 1991 | D | 2 | 1 OA 1 PI | 1 BS 2B | - | 2 AP | 1 bleeding 1AP+TP | 1G 1W | 7 |
Yamaguchi et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1991 | 1978-1990 | C | 21 | 3 OA 2 AAA 14 PAA | 21 B | 17 | 3 AP 5 LTP 14 PPA | 1 AP after LTP | 15 G 1 W 1 D | 109 |
Filler et al. J Pediatr Surg 1992 | 1977-1991 | C | 32 | 32 OA | 32 B | - | 29 AP 2 AP + TS 1 TS | 1 seroma 1 vocal chord paralysis 1 stent dislogment 1 LTP 1 lobectomy | 28 G 3 W 1 D | 6.5 |
Chun et al. Ann Thor Surg 1992 | 1968-1990 | C | 39 | 39 AAA | 39 BS 33 AG | - | 10 AP 39 VRD | 3 bleeding 2 respiratory arrest 5 BPN 1 PNX 1 chylotorax 1 sepsis | 37 G 2 D | 12.5 |
Corbally et al. Eur J Pediatr Surg 1993 | 1980-1990 | C | 48 | 48 OA | 48 B | - | 48 AP | 1 bleeding 1 TP 21 Nissen 1 phrenic nerve palsy | 38 G 5 P 2 D | 46 |
Jonas et al. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1994 | 1989-1993 | D | 12 | 12 IA | 12 B | - | 12 AP | 4 persistent stridor | 8 G 4 G | 24 |
Triglia et al. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1994 | 1987-1983 | C | 12 | 12 OA 12 IA 4 AAA | 12 B 3 AG | 12 | 12 AP | 1 reimplantation of innominate artery (post-trauma) | 9 G 3 W | 24 |
Roberts et al. J Pediatr Surg 1994 | 1976-1992 | C | 30 | 30 AAA | 28 BS 28 AG 16 B | - | 9 AP 17 VRD | 1 AP-TP 2 TP 1 aortoesophageal fistula | 26 G 4 P | - |
Masaoka et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1996 | 1996 | D | 5 | 2 OA 1 AAA 2 O | 5 B | - | 1 AP 1 LTP 1 BR 2 NS | 1 persistent TM | 3 G 1 P 1 D | - |
Bullard et al. J Pediatr Surg 1997 | 1989-1994 | D | 6 | 5 OA 1 AAA | - | - | 6 AP | 1 PNX 2 hemotorax | 4 G 2 P | - |
McCarthy et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1997 | 1983-1995 | C | 24 | 6 IA 9 AAA 2 PAA 5 TBS | 9 BS 24 B | 6 AP 9 VRD 6 LTP 3 O | 1 AP 1 TBR | 19 G 2 P 3 D | 40 | |
McElhinney et al. Ann Thorac Surg 1999 | 1993-1997 | D | 5 | 5 AAA | 1 BS 2 AG 5 B | - | 5 AP | 2 T | 3 G 2 P | 24 |
Gormley et al. J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1999 | 1986-1998 | D | 16 | 15 IA 1AAA | 16 BS 16 B 6 AG | - | 11 AP 1 VRD 4 NS | - | 12 G 3 P 1 W- | - |
Kamata et al. J Pediatr Surg 2000 | 1992-1997 | D | 14 | 4 OA 4 IT 6 O | 14 B | 14 | 13 AP 1 PPA | - | 12 G 2 D | 50 |
Morabito et al. J Pediatr Surg 2000 | 1978-1999 | D | 16 | 15 OA 1 IA | 16 B | 16 | 9 AP 4 TP 3 LTP | 1 T 1 Nissen | 15 G 1 P | - |
Dave et al. J Pediatr Surg 2006 | 1981-2004 | B | 28 | 15 OA 13 IT | 28 BS 28 B | 7 | 28 AP | 1 phrenic nerve palsy 3 lung collapse 1 tymic compression | 26 G 2 P | 6 |
Vazquez et al. Ann Thorac Surg 2001 | 1985-2000 | C | 29 | 27 OA 1 IA 1 AAA | 14 AG 29 B | - | 29 AP | 1 phrenic nerve palsy 3 PNX 1 scoliosis | 28 G 1 P | 8 |
Weber et al. Am J Surg 2002 | - | C | 32 | 18 OA 4 IA 8 AAA 2 IT | 32 B | 32 | 32 AP | 2 reintubations | 26 G 4 P 2 W | 6 |
Schaarschmidt et al. J Pediatr Surg 2002 | 2000 | D | 2 | 1 OA 1 AAA | 2B | 2 | 2 AP | - | 2 G | 17 |
Ahel et al. Pediatr Int 2003 | 1994-2001 | D | 3 | 1 OA 2 IT | 3 B | - | 3 AP | - | 2 G | - |
Valerie et al. J Pediatr Surg 2005 | 1993-2003 | B | 25 | 17 OA 8 O | 25 B | - | 11 AP 14 TS | 1 reintubation 4 pericerdial effusion | - | - |
Khatami et al. Thorac Cardiov Surg 2006 | 1995-2004 | D | 5 | 5 OA | 5 B | - | 5 AP | - | - | - |
Van der Zee et al. Surg Endosc 2007 | 2002-2005 | D | 6 | 6 OA | 6 B | - | 6 AP | 2 AP | 4 G 2 P | - |
Grillo et al. Ann Thorac Surg 2007 | - | D | 4 | 4 AAA | 3 AG 4 B | 4 | 4 AP 3 VRD | 1 hemotorax 2 chylotorax 1 TS | 3 G 1 W | 108 |
Abdel-Rahman et al. - World J Surg 2007 | 1992-2006 | C | 20 | 5 OA 2 AAA 13 IT | 20 B | 20 | 20 AP | 1 AP | 16 G 2 P 2 W | 13 |
Perger et al. J Laparosc Adv Surg Techn 2009 | 2003-2006 | D | 5 | 4 OA 1 IT | - | 4 | 5 AP | 1 T | 3 G 1 P 1 W | 26 |
Fraga et al. J Pediatr Surg 2009 | 1996-2008 | D | 4 | 4 AAA | 4 B | 4 | 4 AP | - | 3 G 1 P | 110 |
Gardella et al. J Pediatr Surg 2010 | 1997-2006 | B | 28 | 28 IA | 28 B | 16 | 16 AP 12 NS | - | 16 G | 48 |
Calkoen et al. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2011 | 1990-2008 | B | 105 | 44 OA 16 AAA 45 O | 103 B | 18 | 105 AP | 4 AP 14 T 5 TS | 76 G 24 P | 84 |
Horvath Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1992 | 1979-1992 | C | 26 | 26 IA | 26 B 26 BS | - | 26 AP | - | 25 G 1 P | 46 |
Kiely et al. Ped Surg Int1987 | 1980-1986 | C | 25 | 22 OA 3 IT | - | - | 25 AP | 1 hemothorax 1 heart failure 4 infections 2 TP | 17G 5P 3W | - |
Filler J Pediatr Surg 1976 | 1974-1975 | D | 3 | 3 OA 1 IA | 3 BS 3 B | - | 3 AP | - | - | - |
Vinograd J Cardiovasc Surg 1994 | 1988-1992 | C | 20 | - | 20 B | 20 | 19 AP 1 PPA | 3 LTP 1 TS | 14 G 4 P 2 W |