Table 7 Medical history to record in children and adolescents with hypertension
From: Focus on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in children and adolescents
Family history | |
• | Hypertension |
• | Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease |
• | Diabetes mellitus |
• | Dyslipidemia |
• | Obesity |
• | Hereditary renal disease (Polycystic kidney disease) |
• | Hereditary endocrine disease (pheochromocytoma, adrenal hyperplasia, multiple endocrine neoplasia , von Hippel-Lindau) |
• | Syndromes associated with hypertension (neurofibromatosis) |
Clinical history | |
• | Perinatal history: birth weight, gestational age, oligohydramnios, anoxia, umbilical artery catheterization |
• | Previous history: urinary tract infection, renal or urological disease, cardiac, endocrine (including diabetes) or neurological disease, growth retardation |
• | Symptoms suggestive of secondary hypertension: dysuria, thirst/polyuria, nocturia, hematuria, edema, weight loss, failure to thrive, palpitations, sweating, fever, pallor, flushing, cold extremities, intermittent claudication, virilization, primary amenorrhea, male pseudohermaphroditism |
• | Symptoms suggestive of target organ damage: headache, epistaxis, vertigo, visual impairment, facial palsy, fits, strokes, dyspnea |
• | Sleep history: snoring, apnea, daytime somnolence |
• | Risk factor history: low physical exercise level, incorrect dietary habits, smoking, alcohol, licorice |
• | Drug intake: cyclosporine, tacrolimus, tricyclic anti-depressants, antipsychotics, decongestants, oral contraceptives, illegal drugs |
• | Pregnancy |