| Age years | % with FsIQ<75 | FSIQ | VIQ | PIQ | % Immigrant | % mother-tongue language of hosting country |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USA | 8.5 | NR | 70.8-82.8-90* | 72.1-79.9-88.8* | 74.1-88.1-92.9* | NR | NR but IQ lower in children speaking two languages at home |
Armstrong 1996 | |||||||
USA | 13.5 | 9 | 77.3-81.1-86.7* | 79.9-77.1-85.3* | 77.3-81.1-86.7* | NR | NR |
Wang 2001 | |||||||
USA | 9.5 | NR | 78.6-81.1** | 74.1-84.6** | 77.5-78.9** | NR | NR |
Steen 2003 | |||||||
USA | 9.75 | NR | 75.05-81.91-81.67* | 79.59-88.73-85.60* | 74.73-77.73-80.80* | NR | NR |
Brown 2000 | |||||||
USA | 8.2 | NR | 72.7-85-90.2* | 74.2-84.6-93* | 75.5-83.3-89* | NR | NR |
Thompson 2003 | |||||||
USA | 10 | NR | 87.15-90.33-91.22§ | 89.56-94.86-92§ | 86.9-87.93-91.96§ | NR | 100 |
Kral MC 2003 | |||||||
UK | 8.73-11.58 | NR | 67.6-79-86.03* | 73.6-85.25-89.07* | 67.80-79.75-85.57* | NR | NR |
Watkins 1998 | |||||||
France | 5-15 | 30.7 | 83.9-82.6-86.6** | 90.4-85.8-93.3** | 80.6-83.5-82.3 | NR | NR but performed in children living in France > 2 yrs |
Bernaudin 2000 | |||||||
UK | infants | NR | 82.5-87.4** | BIN study early language development in infants | BIN measures of early language development in infants | 100 | BIN measures of All families spoke English, and in the majority of cases, infants were also exposed to a non-English |
Hogan 2006 | |||||||
The Netherlands | Â | Â | 79-80** | 80-82** | 80-77** | NR | NR |
Hijmans 2010 | |||||||
The Netherlands | 12.2 | 30 | 80 | 83 | 79 | 100 | 46 (immigrants from Netherland Antilles) |
Hijmans 2011 | |||||||
This paper | 8.9 | 25 | 86.9 | 84.5 | 91.7 | 100 | 1 |