|
Variables
|
Normotensive
|
Prehypertensive
|
Hypertensive
|
p
|
|---|
|
(n = 4,847)
|
(n = 955)
|
(n = 1,655)
|
|---|
|
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
| |
|---|
|
Sex:
| | | | | | | |
|
Boys
|
1,952
|
55.9
|
524
|
15.0
|
1,018
|
29.1
|
<0.001* ^
|
|
Girls
|
2,895
|
73.1
|
431
|
10.8
|
637
|
16.1
| |
|
Age (years):
| | | | | | | |
|
12–13
|
2,823
|
72.7
|
322
|
8.3
|
737
|
19.0
|
<0.001* ^
|
|
14–15
|
2,024
|
56.6
|
633
|
17.7
|
918
|
25.7
| |
|
BMI categories:
| | | | | | | |
|
Normal weight
|
4,409
|
69.2
|
759
|
11.9
|
1,204
|
18.9
|
<0.001* ^
|
|
Overweight
|
384
|
42.4
|
159
|
17.6
|
362
|
40.0
| |
|
Obesity
|
54
|
30.0
|
37
|
20.6
|
89
|
49.4
| |
|
WC percentile categories:
| | | | | | | |
|
<75th
|
4,601
|
67.8
|
831
|
12.2
|
1,355
|
20.0
|
<0.001* ^
|
|
75th– < 90th
|
205
|
38.5
|
102
|
19.2
|
225
|
42.3
| |
|
≥90th
|
41
|
29.7
|
22
|
15.9
|
75
|
54.4
| |
|
Age (years)
|
13.0 (12.0–14.0)
|
14 (13.0–15.0)a
|
14.0 (13.0–15.0)a,b
|
<0.001#
|
|
Weight (kg)
|
50.0 (42.0–56.0)
|
58.0 (52.0–66.0)a
|
59.0 (52.0–68.0)a
|
<0.001#
|
|
Height (cm)
|
162.0 (156.0–168.0)
|
170.0 (164.0–176.0)a
|
168.0 (161.5–175)a,b
|
<0.001#
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
18.5 (16.9–20.2)
|
20.1 (18.4–22.1)a
|
20.7 (18.9–22.9)a,b
|
<0.001#
|
|
WC (cm)
|
64.0 (61.0–69.0)
|
68.0 (64.0–73.0)a
|
70.0 (65.0–75.0)a,b
|
<0.001#
|
|
SBP (mmHg)
|
111.0 (105.3–115.0)
|
124.3 (122.0–127.3)a
|
138.0 (132.7–144.3)a,b
|
<0.001#
|
|
DBP (mmHg)
|
63.1 ± 6.4
|
67.1 ± 6.9a
|
71.7 ± 8.1a,b
|
<0.001#
|
- BP – blood pressure, BMI – body mass index, WC – waist circumference, SBP – systolic blood pressure, DBP – diastolic blood pressure, SD – standard deviation.
- Values are presented as mean ± SD or median (25th–75th percentiles).
-
aSignificantly different (p < 0.05) from normotensive participants.
-
bSignificantly different (p < 0.05) from prehypertensive participants.
- *Significant difference using chi-square (χ 2) test.
- ^Significant difference using Cochran-Armitage trend test.
-
#Significant difference between three groups.
