Table 4 Characteristics of the study participants according to WC categories

Age (years)

13.0 (12.0–14.0)

13.0 (12.0–14.0)^a

13.0 (12.0–14.0)^a

<0.001

Weight (kg)

53.0 (44.3–60.5)

68.8 (61.0–78.0)^a

80.0 (70.3–91.8)^{a, b}

<0.001

Height (cm)

166.0 (157.0–175.0)

170.0 (161.0–177.0)^a

171.0 (163.0–178.8)^a

<0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

18.8 (17.3–20.5)

23.7 (22.2–25.8)^a

27.9 (25.3–30.5)^{a, b}

<0.001

WC (cm)

67.0 (63.0–71.0)

81.0 (78.5–84.1)^a

94.0 (90.0–97.8)^{a, b}

<0.001

SBP (mmHg)

116.7 (109.7–131.0)

130.3 (117.0–139.8)^a

133.0 (123.7–140.6)^a

<0.001

DBP (mmHg)

64.0 (59.3–69.3)

66.8 (62.3–72.7)^a

70.8 (64.8–75.5)^{a, b}

<0.001

Girls

(n = 3,687)

(n = 214)

(n = 62)

Age (years)

13.0 (12.0–14.0)

13.0 (12.0–14.0)^a

12.5 (12.0–13.0)^{a, b}

<0.001

Weight (kg)

50.0 (44.0–56.0)

67.0 (59.8–75.0)^a

77.3 (69.8–87.3)^{a, b}

<0.001

Height (cm)

163.0 (158.0–168.0)

165.5 (160.0–170.0)^a

163.0 (158.9–168.0)^b

<0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

18.8 (17.2–20.5)

24.5 (22.7–26.5)^a

29.1 (26.7–32.4)^{a, b}

<0.001

WC (cm)

63.5 (60.0–67.0)

80.0 (77.0–83.0)^a

88.3 (86.8–93.0)^{a, b}

<0.001

SBP (mmHg)

113.3 (107.0–119.7)

119.5 (113.9–129.7)^a

122.2 (116.7–136.8)^{a, b}

<0.001

DBP (mmHg)

65.3 (60.3–70.7)

68.8 (64.0–74.0)^a

70.0 (63.9–75.6)^a

<0.001

All participants

(n = 6,787)

(n = 532)

(n = 138)

Age (years)

13.0 (12.0–14.0)

13.0 (12.0–14.0)^a

13.0 (12.0–14.0)^{a, b}

<0.001

Weight (kg)

51.0 (44.0–58.0)

68.0 (60.0–76.0)^a

78.0 (70.0–88.3)^{a, b}

<0.001

Height (cm)

164.0 (158.0–171.0)

168.0 (160.3–174.0)^a

166.5 (160.0–173.3)^a

<0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

18.8 (17.2–20.6)

24.1 (22.3–26.0)^a

28.2 (25.7–31.5)^{a, b}

<0.001

WC (cm)

65.0 (61.0–69.0)

81.0 (78.0–84.0)^a

91.0 (87.0–97.0)^{a, b}

<0.001

SBP (mmHg)

114.7 (108.0–125.0)

126.0 (115.7–136.3)^a

131.0 (118.0–139.3)^{a, b}

<0.001

DBP (mmHg)

64.7 (60.0–70.0)

68.0 (63.0–73.3)^a

70.3 (64.3–75.4)^{a, b}

<0.001