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Table 3 Bivariate analysis of various clinical and hospital outcomes

From: Comparative outcome analysis of home-initiated non-medical interventions among toddlers with orally ingested substances

 

Medicationcontrol         n (%)      72 (72.7)

Medicationinterv         n (%)      27 (27.3)

Chemicalcontrol         n (%)      48 (72.7)

Chemicalinterv       n (%)   18 (27.3)

Vital signsa

    

 Normal

63 (87.5)

20 (74.1)

41 (85.4)

16 (88.9)

 Abnormal

9 (12.5)

7 (25.9)

7 (14.6)

2 (11.1)

 

F-exact, p = 0.196

F-exact, p = 0.533

Physical Examinationa

    

 Normal

44 (61.1)

18 (66.7)

30 (62.5)

4 (22.2)

 Abnormal

28 (38.9)

9 (33.3)

18 (37.5)

14 (77.8)

 

χ2 = 0.259, p = 0.611

χ2 = 8.503, p = 0.004*

Diagnostic testsa

    

 Normal

56 (77.8)

17 (63.0)

36 (75.0)

14 (77.8)

 Abnormal

16 (22.2)

10 (37.0)

12 (25.0)

4 (22.2)

 

χ2 = 2.226, p = 0.136

F-exact, p = 0.545

Status post EDa

    

 Discharged

59 (81.9)

22 (81.5)

42 (87.5)

15 (83.3)

 Admitted

13 (18.1)

5 (18.5)

6 (12.5)

3 (16.7)

 

F-exact, p = 0.583

F-exact, p = 0.467

 

M [IQR]

M [IQR]

M [IQR]

M [IQR]

Length of stay** (hours)

5 [2.7–7.5]

9 [5.4–12.0]

3 [2.0–6.8]

4.5 [2.8–7.2]

 

U = 590 (Z = −3.01), p = 0.003*

U = 338 (Z = −1.35), p = 0.177

Hospital costs** (USD)

744 [667–861]

813 [667–869]

674 [667–816]

707 [667–849]

 

U = 862 (Z = −0.89), p = 0.376

U = 399 (Z = −0.50), p = 0.619

  1. Abbreviation: USD US dollars, U Mann-Whitney test, Z Z-score, F-exact Fisher exact test, χ2 Pearson chi-square test, P p-value, M median, [IQR] inter-quartile range [25–75th percentile]
  2. Note: *P-value: statistically significant at <0.05
  3. **Not normally distributed (tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, p < 0.001)
  4. aCategorical variable presented in number (percentage)