Novelty in hypertension in children and adolescents: focus on hypertension during the first year of life, use and interpretation of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, role of physical activity in prevention and treatment, simple carbohydrates and uric acid as risk factors

Table 5 Scheme for the classification of systolic and diastolic blood pressure values obtained by 24-h blood pressure monitoring in children

Classification	Office SBP/DBP ^a	24-h ambulatory SBP/DBP ^b	SBP or DBP load (%) ^b
Normal blood pressure	<90^th percentile	<95^th percentile	<25
White coat hypertension	≥95^th percentile	<95^th percentile	<25
Prehypertension	≥90^th percentile	<95^th percentile	≥25
Masked hypertension	<95^th percentile	>95^th percentile	≥25
Hypertension	>95^th percentile	>95^th percentile	25–50
Severe hypertension	>95^th percentile	>95^th percentile	>50
Dipping subjects: mean nocturnal values at least 10 % lower than diurnal values

^a The Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents, [58]
^b Modified from Flynn JT et al. [61]

ISSN: 1824-7288