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Table 3 Clinical features and molecular characterization of patients with GNAS locus altered methylation

From: Genetic and epigenetic alterations in the GNAS locus and clinical consequences in Pseudohypoparathyroidism: Italian common healthcare pathways adoption

Case

Sex

Age

AHO signs

Hormone resistances

GNAS locus methylation alteration

B1

M

6.9

BR, MR, RF

rPTH, rTSH (11)

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B2

M

11.43

MR (3.5), RF

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B3

F

7.5

--

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B4

F

65

BR, OB, RF

rPTH, rLH/FSH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B5

F

5.2

MR, OB/OW, RF

rPTH, rTSH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B6

F

9.95

RF

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B7

M

15

BR

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B8

F

13.26

--

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B9

M

12.13

--

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B10

F

6.55

MR, OB/OW

rPTH, rTSH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B11

M

10.5

BR, OB/OW, RF

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B12

M

37.5

BR, SS,OB/OW, RF

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B13

F

9

RF

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B14

F

0.5

OB/OW, RF

rPTH, rTSH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B15

M

12.76

RF

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B16

M

12.23

BR

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B17

M

12

BR, OB, RF

rPTH, rTSH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B18

M

16

BR*, OB/OW, RF

rPTH, rGHRH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B19

F

4

BR*, OB/OW, RF

rPTH, rTSH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B20

F

4.16

MR, OB/OW, RF

rPTH, rTSH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B21

F

10.09

RF

rPTH, rTSH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B22

F

7,41

BR

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B23

F

5.5

BR, MR, RF

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B24

F

23.5

BR, MR

rPTH

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B25

F

3.06

BR

rPTH, rTSH (6)

AB/NESP/AS/XL

B26

M

29

BR*, OB/OW

rPTH

Del at STX16 gene

B27

M

12.9

--

rPTH

Del at STX16 gene

B28

F

19.6

SS, OB/OW, RF

rPTH

Del at STX16 gene

  1. Sex: Female (F), Male (M); Age: age at diagnosis or at first evaluation, expressed in years; AHO signs: brachydactyly (BR, in case of X-Ray study: BR*), subcutaneous ossifications (SO), mental retardation (MR), short stature (SS), obesity and overweight (OB/OW), round face (RF); Hormone resistances: PTH resistance (rPTH), TSH resistance (rTSH), FSH/LH resistance (rFSH/LH), GHRH resistance (rGHRH), Insulin resistance (rIns). Features that occurred prior to the first diagnosis or later in life are remarked in bulk and the corresponding age is noticed in parenthesis. Features that were present at the diagnosis but disappeared later in life are reported in parenthesis. A12 + A13; A14 + A15; A19 + A20; A25 + A26; A45 + A46 are couple of brothers and/or sisters