Cells | Factors involved in the inflammatory response | Comments |
---|---|---|
Macrophages and monocytes | Cascade of arachidonic acid (prostaglandins and leukotrienes) | Mediated by inhibition of PLA2 and reduced COX-2 expression. |
Inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1,2,4,5,6,11,13) and TNF-α | Reduced production and release. | |
Cytokines exert multiple effects on inflammation, e.g., T-cell activation and stimulation of fibroblast proliferation. | ||
Endothelial cells | ELAM-1 and ICAM-1 | ELAM-1 and ICAM-1 are important for extravasation of leukocytes into tissues. |
Basophils | Histamine and LTC4 | IgE-dependent release inhibited by glucocorticoids. |
Fibroblasts | Arachidonic acid | See “Macrophages and monocytes”. Glucocorticoids also reduce the proliferation of fibroblasts. |
Lymphocytes | Cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6, TNF-α, GM-CSF, interferon-γ) | See “Macrophages and monocytes”. |