Table 1 Demographic characteristics
Characteristics | All patients (n = 52) | Cord 25(OH)D concentrations <10 ng/mL (n = 20) | Cord 25(OH)D concentrations ≥10 ng/mL (n = 29) |
|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age, years | 34.3 ± 3.4 | 32.4 ± 3.1 | 33.8 ± 4.0 |
GDM | 6 (12%) | 5 (25%) | 1 (3%)* |
Preeclampsia | 4 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (10%) |
Antenatal steroid | 44 (85%) | 19 (95%) | 22 (79%) |
Histological Chorioamnionitis | 33 (64%) | 11 (55%) | 21 (72%) |
Completed college | 38 (73) | 13 (65%) | 24 (83%) |
Birth during vitamin D synthesizing period | 30 (58%) | 7 (35%) | 20 (69%)† |
Gestational age (weeks) | 27.1 ± 2.5 | 27.5 ± 2.5 | 26.8 ± 2.6 |
Small gestational age | 8 (15%) | 2 (10%) | 5 (17%) |
Birth weight (g) | 971.2 ± 252.4 | 1045.5 ± 271.8 | 933.5 ± 203.6 |
Birth length (cm) | 34.1 ± 3.5 | 34.3 ± 3.4 | 34.1 ± 3.6 |
Birth head circumference (cm) | 24.6 ± 2.2 | 24.8 ± 2.3 | 24.5 ± 2.2 |
Male sex | 26 (50%) | 7 (35%) | 16 (55%) |
Cesarean section | 40 (77%) | 18 (90%) | 20 (71%) |
Apgar score at 5 min | 5.1 ± 1.5 | 5.3 ± 1.7 | 4.9 ± 1.3 |
RDS | 47 (90%) | 17 (85%) | 27 (96%) |
PDA | 35 (67%) | 15 (79%) | 19 (66%) |
NEC | 3 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (7%) |
Culture-proven sepsis | 17 (33%) | 5 (26%) | 11 (38%) |
BPD (≥ moderate) | 25 (48%) | 7 (37%) | 16 (55%) |
ROP (≥ stage 2) | 24 (46%) | 8 (40%) | 14 (50%) |
IVH (≥ grade 2) | 6 (12%) | 4 (20%) | 2 (7%) |
Breast milk with/without formula | 38 (73%) | 13 (65%) | 22 (76%) |
Exclusively fortified breast milk | 13 (25%) | 5 (25%) | 8 (28%) |
Ventilation days (d) | 24.1 ± 18.4 | 20.9 ± 18.1 | 20.9 ± 18.1 |
Hospital days (d) | 85.5 ± 33.2 | 77.6 ± 24.8 | 86.6 ± 28.3 |
TPN days (d) | 47.1 ± 32.5 | 37.2 ± 22.7 | 47.2 ± 22.4 |