Table 2 Definition of vitamin D status according to several Societies and Organizations in the last 10 years
Society/Organization | Year | Severe deficiency | Deficiency | Insufficiency | Sufficiency/Adequacy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Canadian Pediatric Society [8] | 2007 | – | < 10 ng/ml | 10–29 ng/ml | ≥ 30 ng/ml |
Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society [9] | 2008 | < 5 ng/ml | 5–14 ng/ml | 15–19 ng/ml | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
Institute of Medicine [10] | 2011 | – | < 12 ng/ml | 12–20 ng/mla | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
The Endocrine Society [11] | 2011 | – | < 20 ng/ml | 21–29 ng/ml | ≥ 30 ng/ml |
British Paediatric and Adolescent Bone Group [12] | 2012 | – | < 10 ng/ml | 10–19 ng/ml | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
French Society of Paediatrics [13] | 2012 | – | < 20 ng/ml | – | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
Asociación Espanola de Pediatría (Spain) [14] | 2012 | – | < 20 ng/ml | – | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
Federal Commission for Nutrition (Switzerland) [15] | 2012 | < 10 ng/ml | < 20 ng/ml | – | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
Nordic Nutrition Recommendations [16] | 2012 | – | < 12 ng/ml | 12–20 ng/ml | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
German Nutrition Society [17] | 2012 | – | – | – | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
Health council of the Netherlands [18] | 2012 | – | – | – | ≥ 12 ng/ml |
European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition [19] | 2013 | < 10 ng/ml | < 20 ng/ml | – | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
Central Europe [20] | 2013 | – | < 20 ng/ml | 20–29 ng/ml | ≥ 30 ng/ml |
Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine [21] | 2013 | – | < 20 ng/ml | 20–29 ng/ml | ≥ 30 ng/ml |
Australia/New Zealand [22] | 2013 | < 5 ng/ml | 5–11 ng/ml | 12–19 ng/ml | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
American Academy of Pediatrics [23] | 2014 | – | < 20 ng/ml | – | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
Japanese Society for Bone and Mineral Research, Japan Endocrine Societyb [24] | 2015 | – | < 20 ng/ml | – | – |
Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition [25] | 2016 | – | – | – | ≥ 10 ng/ml |
European Food Safety Authority [26] | 2016 | – | – | – | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
United Arab Emirates [27] | 2016 | – | < 20 ng/ml | 20–29 ng/ml | ≥ 30 ng/ml |
Global Consensus for rickets [28] | 2016 | – | < 12 ng/ml | 12–19 ng/ml | ≥ 20 ng/ml |
Japanese Society for Bone and Mineral Research, Japan Endocrine Societyc [29] | 2017 | – | < 20 ng/ml | 20–29 ng/ml | ≥ 30 ng/ml |
European Academy of Pediatrics [30] | 2017 | Definition of vitamin D status is unclear due to a lack of consensus | |||