Table 4 Age at the arrival in Italy in years (Mean ± standard deviation) per Vitamin D status

Sex

Male

6.15 ± 2.77

5.50 ± 2.75

4.91 ± 2.59

3.74 ± 2.75

Female

6.44 ± 2.92

6.06 ± 2.78

5.32 ± 3.01

4.02 ± 3.49

Macro-area

Africa

5.18 ± 2.48

4.85 ± 2.19

4.24 ± 2.51

3.16 ± 2.64

Europe

6.16 ± 2.84

5.80 ± 2.71

5.28 ± 2.43

4.88 ± 3.40

Asia

6.32 ± 2.99

4.14 ± 2.15

3.25 ± 2.39

1.82 ± 1.29

Latin America

8.08 ± 2.37

7.16 ± 2.80

6.99 ± 2.37

6.31 ± 2.68

Season at blood draw

Spring

6.46 ± 2.83

6.09 ± 2.85

3.87 ± 2.49

2.44 ± 1.95

Summer

5.77 ± 3.22

5.24 ± 2.61

4.62 ± 2.59

4.55 ± 3.73

Fall

5.70 ± 2.96

5.57 ± 2.61

5.59 ± 2.72

3.85 ± 2.59

Winter

6.46 ± 2.85

5.70 ± 2.90

5.59 ± 2.99

2.68 ± 3.86

Housing solution

Foster home

7.37 ± 3.55

6.73 ± 2.86

6.62 ± 2.67

4.64 ± 2.78

Foster family

8.86 ± 2.96

6.81 ± 3.18

5.40 ± 2.43

6.79 ± 4.26

Orphanage

6.09 ± 2.85

5.73 ± 2.79

4.88 ± 2.78

3.57 ± 3.07

BMI Status

Underweight

2.87 ± 0.49

5.07 ± 2.00

5.17 ± 2.03

5.76 ± 5.99

Normal weight

6.44 ± 2.56

6.08 ± 2.63

5.66 ± 2.39

5.42 ± 2.76

Overweight

7.75 ± 3.01

6.65 ± 2.64

5.99 ± 2.41

4.18 ± 2.07

Obese

6.71 ± 3.44

6.28 ± 2.26

7.19 ± 2.81

6.56 ± 2.12