Table 2 Results of univariable Firth’s logistic regression: inclusion in the DTAP versus patients and hospitalization characteristics
From: Hospital clinical pathways for children affected by juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Variable | All (n = 223) | Non DTAP (n = 131) | DTAP (n = 92) | OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Condition on admission, n (%) | |||||
Not good | 40 (18) | 40 (31) | 0 (0) | ||
Good | 183 (82) | 91 (69) | 92 (100) | ||
Fever on admission, n (%) | |||||
No | 207 (88) | 115 (88) | 92 (100) | ||
Yes | 16 (7) | 16 (12) | 0 (0) | ||
Sedation, n (%) | |||||
No | 133 (60) | 41 (31) | 92 (100) | ||
Yes | 90 (40) | 90 (69) | 0 (0) | ||
Age, years, median (IQR) | 10 (6–14) | 10 (5–14) | 10 (6–13) | 1.01 (0.96–1.06) | 0.70 |
Gender, n (%) | 0.10 | ||||
Male | 54 (24) | 37 (28) | 17 (18) | reference | |
Female | 169 (76) | 94 (72) | 75 (82) | 1.71 (0.91–3.32) | |
Residence, n (%) | 0.001 | ||||
Lombardy | 198 (89) | 124 (95) | 74 (80) | reference | |
Other regions | 25 (11) | 7 (5) | 18 (20) | 4.12 (1.74–10.7) | |
Discharge JIA diagnosis, n (%) | 0.12* | ||||
Oligoarticular | 84 (38) | 47 (37) | 37 (41) | reference | |
Polyarticular | 76 (35) | 43 (34) | 33 (36) | 0.98 (0.52–1.82) | 0.94 |
Systemic | 33 (15) | 26 (20) | 7 (8) | 0.36 (0.14–0.86) | 0.02 |
Enthesitis-related | 9 (4) | 5 (4) | 4 (4) | 1.04 (0.26–3.91) | 0.96 |
Monoarticular | 9 (4) | 3 (2) | 6 (7) | 2.35 (0.62–10.4) | 0.21 |
Psoriatic | 8 (4) | 4 (3) | 4 (4) | 1.27 (0.31–5.22) | 0.74 |
Unknown | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||
Urgent admission, n (%) | 0.008 | ||||
No | 201 (90) | 112 (85) | 89 (97) | reference | |
Yes | 22 (10) | 19 (15) | 3 (3) | 0.20 (0.06–0.66) | |
Transfer from other hospital, n (%) | 0.34 | ||||
No | 218 (98) | 127 (97) | 91 (99) | reference | |
Yes | 5 (2) | 4 (3) | 1 (1) | 0.35 (0.04–3.06) | |
First hospitalization, n (%) | 0.37 | ||||
No | 196 (88) | 113 (86) | 83 (90) | reference | |
Yes | 27 (12) | 18 (14) | 9 (10) | 0.68 (0.29–1.58) | |
Length of stay, days, median (IQR) | 6 (3–8) | 6 (3–9) | 6 (3–7) | 0.95 (0.89–1.01) | 0.11 |
Cause of hospitalization, n (%) | < 0.0001* | ||||
Flare | 79 (35) | 44 (34) | 35 (38) | reference | |
Arthrocentesis | 47 (21) | 45 (34) | 2 (2) | 0.07 (0.01–0.22) | < 0.0001 |
Investigations for suspected JIA | 45 (20) | 28 (21) | 17 (18) | 0.77 (0.36–1.61) | 0.49 |
Clinical and therapeutic re-evaluation | 16 (7) | 6 (5) | 10 (11) | 2.02 (0.70–6.22) | 0.19 |
Associated conditions | 10 (4) | 6 (5) | 4 (4) | 0.87 (0.22–3.09) | 0.83 |
Biologic therapy | 24 (11) | 0 (0) | 24 (26) | 61.4 (8.03–7894) | < 0.0001 |
Arthrocentesis and biological therapy | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.25 (0.00–3.21) | 0.32 |
Electrocardiogram, n (%) | 0.002 | ||||
No | 58 (26) | 24 (18) | 34 (37) | reference | |
Yes | 164 (74) | 106 (82) | 58 (63) | 0.39 (0.21–0.71) | |
Unknown | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Ultrasound, n (%) | 0.08 | ||||
No | 65 (29) | 44 (34) | 21 (23) | reference | |
Yes | 158 (71) | 87 (66) | 71 (77) | 1.69 (0.93–3.13) | |
X-rays, n (%) | 0.01 | ||||
No | 98 (44) | 67 (51) | 31 (34) | reference | |
Yes | 125 (56) | 64 (49) | 61 (66) | 2.04 (1.19–3.56) | |
Nuclear magnetic resonance, n (%) | 0.66 | ||||
No | 191 (86) | 111 (85) | 80 (87) | reference | |
Yes | 32 (14) | 20 (15) | 12 (13) | 0.84 (0.39–1.79) | |
Computed tomography, n (%) | 0.69 | ||||
No | 219 (98) | 129 (98) | 90 (98) | reference | |
Yes | 4 (2) | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 1.43 (0.22–9.42) | |
Positron emission tomography, n (%) | 0.20 | ||||
No | 220 (99) | 128 (98) | 92 (100) | reference | |
Yes | 3 (1) | 3 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.20 (0.00–2.08) | |
Eye examination, n (%) | 0.09 | ||||
No | 100 (45) | 65 (50) | 35 (38) | reference | |
Yes | 123 (55) | 66 (50) | 57 (62) | 1.60 (0.93–2.75) | |
Cardiac examination, n (%) | 0.19 | ||||
No | 101 (45) | 64 (49) | 37 (40) | reference | |
Yes | 121 (55) | 66 (51) | 55 (60) | 1.44 (0.84–2.47) | |
Unknown | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Anesthesiology examination, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
No | 127 (57) | 42 (32) | 85 (92) | reference | |
Yes | 96 (43) | 89 (68) | 7 (8) | 0.04 (0.02–0.09) | |
Orthognatodontic examination, n (%) | 0.08 | ||||
No | 182 (82) | 112 (85) | 70 (76) | reference | |
Yes | 41 (18) | 19 (15) | 22 (24) | 1.84 (0.94–3.65) | |
Orthopedic examination, n (%) | 0.009 | ||||
No | 193 (87) | 120 (92) | 73 (79) | reference | |
Yes | 30 (13) | 11 (8) | 19 (21) | 2.78 (1.29–6.26) | |
Dermatological examination, n (%) | 0.70 | ||||
No | 209 (94) | 122 (93) | 87 (95) | reference | |
Yes | 14 (6) | 9 (7) | 5 (5) | 0.81 (0.26–2.34) | |
Otorhinolaryngology examination, n (%) | 0.76 | ||||
No | 221 (99) | 130 (99) | 91 (99) | reference | |
Yes | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 1.43 (0.11–17.8) | |
Physical therapy, n (%) | 0.96 | ||||
No | 70 (31) | 41 (31) | 29 (32) | reference | |
Yes | 153 (69) | 90 (69) | 63 (68) | 0.99 (0.56–1.76) | |
Arthrocentesis, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
No | 114 (51) | 43 (33) | 71 (77) | reference | |
Yes | 109 (49) | 88 (67) | 21 (23) | 0.15 (0.08–0.27) | |
Intravenous therapy, n (%) | < 0.0001 | ||||
No | 104 (47) | 24 (18) | 80 (87) | reference | |
Yes | 119 (53) | 107 (82) | 12 (13) | 0.04 (0.02–0.07) | |