Table 1 Causes of asymptomatic unilateral scrotal masses in the pediatric age and testicular abnormalities in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
From: Unilateral testicular enlargement in a teenager with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: a case report
Benign conditions  - hydrocele, hernia, varicocele, spermatocele/epididymal cyst, sebaceous cyst  - benign idiopathic macro-orchidism  - supernumerary testis  - organized post-traumatic hematocele | |
Testicular and paratesticular neoplasms  - germ cell tumors (epidermoid cyst, teratoma, germinoma, yalk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma, mixed germ cell tumor)  - gonadal stromal tumors (Leydig or Sertoli cell tumors)  - lipoma, fibroma, leiomyoma, lymphangioma, fibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma  - leukemic infiltration, lymphoma, metastasis (nephroblastoma, neuroblastoma)  - McCune-Albright syndrome | |
Inflammation/infection  - epididymo-orchitis (extrapulmonary tuberculosis) | |
Compensatory hypertrophy (in the absence of the contralateral testicle) | |
Testicular abnormalities in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome  - cryptorchidism  - gonadal interstitial-cell hyperplasia  - gonadoblastoma  - enlarged testicle  - hypoplastic testicle  - agenesis of the testicle |