Table 2 Comparison of demographic characteristics between three groups at the beginning of the study (N = 90, 100%)
Variable | Total Number (%) | GF Number (%) | LF Number (%) | CG Number (%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Female | 47 (52.2) | 19 (63.3) | 12 (40) | 16 (53.3) | a0.19 |
Male | 43 (47.8) | 11 (36.7) | 18 (60) | 14 (46.7) | ||
Type of the last delivery of mothers | Natural | 34 (37.8) | 13 (43.3) | 14 (46.7) | 7 (23.3) | a0.13 |
Cesarean section | 56 (62.2) | 17 (56.7) | 16 (53.3) | 23 (76.7) | ||
Birth rate | First | 55 (61.1) | 21 (70) | 18 (60) | 16 (53.3) | a0.66 |
Second | 31 (34.4) | 8 (26.7) | 10 (33.3) | 13 (43.3) | ||
Third | 4 (4.4) | 1 (3.3) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (3.3) | ||
Maternal level of education | Diploma | 32 (35.6) | 10 (33.3) | 11 (36.7) | 11 (36.7) | a0.99 |
Associate degree | 10 (11.1) | 3 (10) | 3 (10) | 4 (13.3) | ||
BSc | 39 (43.3) | 14 (46.7) | 13 (43.3) | 12 (40) | ||
MSc< | 9 (10) | 3 (10) | 3 (10) | 3 (10) | ||
Paternal level of education | Below diploma | 6 (6.7) | 1 (3.3) | 2 (6.7) | 3 (10) | a0.81 |
Diploma | 40 (44.4) | 12 (40) | 15 (50) | 13 (43.3) | ||
Associate degree | 12 (13.3) | 4 (13.3) | 4 (13.3) | 4 (13.3) | ||
BSc | 26 (28.9) | 9 (30) | 8 (26.7) | 9 (30) | ||
MSc< | 6 (6.7) | 4 (13.3) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.3) | ||
Maternal occupational status | Working outside the home | 20 (22.2) | 7 (23.3) | 7 (23.3) | 6 (20) | a0.67 |
Employed working from home | 3 (3.3) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | ||
Housewife | 67 (74.4) | 21 (70) | 22 (73.3) | 24 (80) | ||
Paternal occupational status | Worker | 14 (15.6) | 4 (13.3) | 4 (13.3) | 6 (20) | a0.96 |
Employee | 24 (26.7) | 9 (30) | 8 (26.7) | 7 (23.3) | ||
Seller | 17 (18.9) | 4 (13.3) | 6 (20) | 7 (23.3) | ||
Repairman | 4 (4.4) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.3) | ||
Other | 31 (34.4) | 11 (36.7) | 11 (36.7) | 9 (30) | ||
Growth status at four months of age | No growth impairment | 79 (87.8) | 29 (96.7) | 26 (86.7) | 24 (80) | a0.14 |
Positive growth impairment | 11(2.2) | 1 (3.3) | 4 (13.3) | 6 (20) | ||
Age of infant (day) Mean ± SD | 130.08 ± 7.48 | 130.40 ± 7.83 | 129.50 ± 6.89 | 130.33 ± 7.90 | b0.87 | |
Family size Mean ± SD | 3.43 ± 0.58 | 3.33 ± 0.54 | 3.47 ± 0.62 | 3.50 ± 0.57 | b0.50 | |
Age of mother(year) Mean ± SD | 29.87 ± 4.68 | 29.83 ± 4.98 | 29.90 ± 4.47 | 29.87 ± 4.74 | b0.99 | |