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Table 3 Comparison of behaviors and psychological variables mean scores between groups, before and after the intervention

From: Effectiveness of message-framing intervention on complementary feeding related behaviors among mothers with infants aged 4–8 months: a 3-arm randomized controlled trial

 

Variable

Groups

(N = 30)

Time

P-value*

Before intervention (four-month infants)

Mean ± SD

After intervention (eight-month infants)

Mean ± SD

Psychological factors

Knowledge

GF

21.33 ± 5.06

30.30 ± 4.17

p < 0.001

LF

20.53 ± 5.37

32.26 ± 3.27

p < 0.001

Control

20.60 ± 3.38

24.80 ± 3.61

p < 0.001

ap-value a

P = 0.76

p < 0.001

 

Attitude

GF

139.06 ± 11.90

154.33 ± 15.14

p < 0.001

LF

139.76 ± 12.65

166.76 ± 12.08

p < 0.001

Control

139.13 ± 11.56

138.76 ± 14.28

0.85

p-valueb

P = 0.97

p < 0.001

 

Self-efficacy

GF

54.86 ± 8.89

61.13 ± 4.53

p < 0.001

LF

55.93 ± 6.88

61.83 ± 3.27

p < 0.001

Control

56.30 ± 4.89

57.56 ± 4.82

0.25

p-valueb

P = 0.71

p < 0.001

 

The behavior of mothers regarding the diversity and appropriateness of onset and continuity of complementary feeding

Behavior related to initiate complementary feeding

GF

22.66 ± 2.83

LF

23.16 ± 2.33

Control

20.36 ± 3.53

p-valueb

P < 0.001

Behavior related to diversity and appropriateness of the continuity of complementary feeding

GF

129.86 ± 13.12

LF

140.10 ± 11.28

Control

115.33 ± 9.48

p-valueb

p < 0.001

The behavior of the mother at the onset of complementary feeding

Avoid giving boiling water to infants under the age of six months

GF

3.97 ± 1.09

LF

4.10 ± 1.15

Control

2.87 ± 1.22

p-valueb

p < 0.001

Avoid giving sugar water to infants under the age of six months

GF

4.90 ± 0.30

LF

4.77 ± 0.81

Control

4.77 ± 0.56

p-valueb

P = 0.61

Start of complementary feeding at the end of six months

GF

4.33 ± 1.51

LF

4.60 ± 1.22

Control

3.53 ± 1.96

p-valueb

P = 0.03

Total behavior

GF

152.53 ± 13.71

LF

163.26 ± 12.55

Control

135.70 ± 9.98

p-value b

p < 0.001

  1. aPaired sample t-test bANOVA