Table 1 Major findings
From: Does virtual reality reduce pain in pediatric patients? A systematic review
ID | Title | First author | Publication year | Country | Sample size | Age | Study design | Virtual reality pattern | VR application |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Virtual reality as complementary pain therapy in hospitalized patients with sickle cell disease | Agrawal A.K. | 2019 | United States | 31 | 13–20 | Feasibility study | Oculus Rift VR headset | VR was used to manage pain of vaso-occlusive pain episodes (VOE) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). |
2 | Effectiveness of audio visual distraction using virtual reality eyeglasses versus tablet device in child behavioral management during inferior alveolar nerve block | Al-Halabi M.N. | 2018 | Syria | 102 | 6–10 | Randomized Controlled Trial | Virtual reality box (VR Box) | VR was used to reduce pain in children behavioral management during inferior alveolar nerve block. |
3 | Effect of virtual reality headset for pediatric fear and pain distraction during immunization | Chad R. | 2018 | United States | 34 (17 children and 17 parents) | Children: 6–17 Parents: 32–46 | Pilot study | VR Headset | VR was used to reduce pain and fear during immunization. |
4 | Virtual Reality for Pediatric Needle Procedural Pain: Two Randomized Clinical Trials | Chan E. | 2019 | Australia | 252 | 4–11 | Randomized Controlled Trial | Google Pixel XL/Google Daydream | VR was used to reduce the pain during needle-related procedures, in 2 environments: emergency department and outpatient pathology. |
5 | A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Use of Virtual Reality for Needle-Related Procedures in Children and Adolescents in the Emergency Department | Dumoulin S. | 2019 | Canada | 59 | 8–17 | Randomized Controlled Trial | eMagin z800 HMD | VR was used to reduce the pain during needle-related procedures. |
6 | Effects of distraction using virtual reality technology on pain perception and anxiety levels in children during pulp therapy of primary molars | Niharika P. | 2018 | India | 40 | 4–8 | Randomized Controlled Trial | Google VR Box and Anti-Tank Virtual Reality 3D Glasses | VR was used to reduce pain during pulp therapy in pediatric patients. |
7 | Effects of Virtual Reality and External Cold and Vibration on Pain in 7- to 12-Year-Old Children During Phlebotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial | Gerçeker G.Ö. | 2018 | United States | 121 | 7–12 | Randomized Controlled Trial | Samsung Gear Oculus headset | VR was used to reduce pain during phlebotomy. |
8 | The Effect of Virtual Reality Distraction on Pain Relief During Dressing Changes in Children with Chronic Wounds on Lower Limbs | Hua Y. | 2015 | China | 65 | 4–16 | Prospective randomized study | Head-mount display | VR was used to reduce pain resulted from dressing changes in pediatric patients with Chronic Wounds on Lower Limbs. |
9 | Effect of virtual reality on adolescent pain during burn wound care | Jeffs D. | 2014 | United States | 30 | 10–17 | Randomized Controlled Trial | Tripod-arm device | VR was used to reduce procedural pain during burn wound care. |