Table 2 Clinical spectrum of thrombosis in children with nephrotic syndrome
Sites of thrombosis | N | Symptomatic (n) | Manifestations |
|---|---|---|---|
Renal vein | 9 | 5 | Abdominal pain, gross haematuria |
Pulmonary artery | 7 | 5 | Chest pain, shortness of breath, polypnea and haemoptysis |
Deep veins of leg | |||
CVC-related | 6 | 5 | Swelling of the leg |
Non-CVC related | 0 | ||
Cerebral venous sinus | 6 | 6 | Headache, vomiting, transient loss of vision, irregular breathing |
Inferior vena cava | 3 | 0 | None |
Portal vein | 2 | 1 | Abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting |
Superior mesenteric vein | 2 | 2 | Refractory ascites, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting |
Internal jugular vein | 1 | 1 | Neck pain |
Cerebral artery | 2 | 2 | Convulsions, headache, facial paralysis, limb dyskinesia |
Popliteal artery | 1 | 1 | Leg pain, numbness, swelling and lameness |