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Table 3 The correlation between clinical features and IC2 LOM, IC1 GOM, and pUPD11 defects of the study cohort

From: Clinical and molecular features of children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in China: a single-center retrospective cohort study

 

IC2 LOM (n = 10)

IC1 GOM (n = 5)

pUPD11 (n = 1)

p-Value

Cardinal features

 Macroglossia

10/10 (100.0%)

4/5 (80.0%)

1/1 (100%)

NS

 Lateralized overgrowth

1/10 (10.0%)

3/5 (60.0%)

0/1 (0%)

<  0.05

 Exomphalos

1/10 (10.0%)

0/5 (0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

 Hyperinsulinism

0/10 (0%)

1/5 (20.0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

 Wilms tumor or nephroblastomatosisa

0/10 (0%)

0/1 (0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

Suggestive features

 Umbilical hernia and/or diastasis recti

8/10 (80.0%)

4/5 (80.0%)

1/1 (100%)

NS

 Ear creases and/or pits

5/10 (50.0%)

2/5 (40.0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

 Nephromegaly and/or hepatomegaly

3/10 (30.0%)

3/5 (60.0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

 Facial naevus simplex

5/10 (50.0%)

2/5 (40.0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

 Birthweight > 2 SDS above the mean

3/10 (30.0%)

3/5 (60.0%)

1/1 (100%)

NS

 Transient hypoglycaemia

2/10 (20.0%)

2/5 (40.0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

 Polyhydramnios

1/10 (10.0%)

2/5 (40.0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

 Typical BWS tumorsb

0 /10 (0%)

0/5 (0%)

0/1 (0%)

NS

  1. a Multifocal and/or bilateral Wilms tumor or nephroblastomatosis
  2. b Neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, unilateral Wilms tumour, hepatoblastoma, adrenocortical carcinoma or phaeochromocytoma
  3. BWS Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, LOM loss of methylation, GOM gain of methylation, pUPD paternal uniparental isodisomy, NS no significance