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Table 3 Multivariate analysis evaluating confounding variables on morbidity and mortality

From: Morbidity associated with patent ductus arteriosus in preterm newborns: a retrospective case-control study

Dependent variables

Covariates (Model 1)

Covariates (Model 2)

hs-PDA

Gender

GA ≤ 28 weeks

Antenatal steroidsa

hs-PDA

Gender

BW ≤ 1000 g

Antenatal steroidsa

Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation

 OR (95%CI)

2.567 (1.063 to 6.202) *

1.498 (0.650 to 3.454)

6.471 (2.385 to 17.561) *

1.171 (0.474 to 2.892)

2.335 (0.953 to 5.721)

1.411 (0.603 to 3.305)

7.441 (2.919 to 18.969) *

1.094 (0.440 to 2.720)

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

 OR (95%CI)

4.358 (1.386 to 13.702) *

1.744 (0.594 to 5.117)

3.121 (0.951 to 10.241)

10.698 (1.350 to 84.789 *

2.188 (0.661 to 7.240)

1.646 (0.538 to 5.037)

13.270 (3.235 to 54.441) *

9.937 (1.240 to 79.634) *

Intraventricular Hemorrhage

 OR (95%CI)

3.184 (1.170 to 8.666) *

1.223 (0.488 to 3.065)

7.182 (2.219 to 23.244) *

0.518 (0.204 to 1.316)

3.850 (1.427 to 10.390) *

1.138 (0.457 to 2.834)

4.214 (1.591 to 11.162) *

0.498 (0.197 to 1.258)

Retinopathy of Prematurity

 OR (95%CI)

4.083 (1.339 to 12.447) *

1.028 (0.387 to 2.729)

12.174 (2.621 to 56.552) *

1.077 (0.379 to 3.057)

4.594 (1.496 to 14.102) *

0.927 (0.349 to 2.463)

6.178 (2.016 to 18.936) *

0.977 (0.347 to 2.749)

Hypotension

 OR (95%CI)

4.834 (2.047 to 11.418) *

0.793 (0.357 to 1.760)

7.563 (2.874 to 19.899) *

1.455 (0.607 to 3.490)

5.723 (2.446 to 13.393) *

0.732 (0.334 to 1.604)

3.798 (1.676 to 8.605) *

1.373 (0.589 to 3.204)

Morbidity°

 OR (95%CI)

4.058 (2.145 to 7.677) *

1.072 (0.581 to 1.979)

5.227 (2.814 to 9.708) *

0.974 (0.502 to 1.890)

4.109 (2.160 to 7.819) *

1.023 (0.548 to 1.912)

6.596 (3.441 to 12.643) *

0.986 (0.507 to 1.919)

Mortality

 OR (95%CI)

1.307 (0.414 to 4.126)

1.205 (0.396 to 3.664)

26.178 (3.210 to 213.479) *

0.475 (0.154 to 1.468)

1.519 (0.470 to 4.908)

1.148 (0.373 to 3.540)

10.977 (2.787 to 43.230) *

0.473 (0.153 to 1.460)

  1. hs-PDA hemodynamically significant Patent Doctus Arteriosus
  2. (a) Intramuscular steroid cycle in two doses of 12 mg over a 24-h period; ° BPD or NEC or IVH or PLV or ROP or Prolonged mechanical ventilation or Hypotension requiring treatment; * p < 0.05