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Table 1 Historical Classification of PHP and PHP-related disorders

From: Pseudohypoparathyroidism: application of the Italian common healthcare-pathway for a homogeneous clinical approach and a shared follow up

 

AHO

Hormone resistance

Heterotopic ossification

PTH test response

GNAS defect

PHP-Ia

Yes

Multiple: PTH, TSH, FSH/LH, GHRH

Yes, superficial

↓cAMP

↓phosphaturia

Maternal inactivating

mutations

PPHP

Yes

No

Yes, superficial

Normal

Paternal inactivating mutations

PHP-Ib

No

PTH, TSH

No

↓cAMP

↓phosphaturia

Imprinting dysregulation

PHP-Ic

Yes

Multiple: PTH, TSH, FSH/LH

Yes, superficial

↓cAMP

↓phosphaturia

Maternal inactivating

mutations

POH

No

No

Yes, deep

NA

Paternal inactivating mutations

  1. Abbreviations: cAMP cyclic AMP; GHRH, GH releasing hormone; PTH parathyroid hormone, TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone, FSH/LH Follicle Stimulating Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone; POH progressive osseus heteroplasia