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Table 2 Univariate analysis for risk factors of severe CAP

From: Age-specific risk factors of severe pneumonia among pediatric patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia

 

Severe CAP

Non-severe CAP

OR(95% CI)

P

Age n(%)

 < 6 m

2187 (66.09)

7104 (42.12)

0.67 [0.64–0.69]

< 0.0001

 6 m-1y

377 (11.39)

3142 (18.63)

 1y-2y

353 (10.67)

2956 (17.53)

 2y-6y

392 (11.85)

3663 (21.72)

Gender (male) n(%)

2192 (66.24)

10,973 (65.06)

1.05 [0.97–1.14]

0.1925

Rural resident n(%)

1638 (49.67)

5454 (32.50)

2.05 [1.90–2.21]

< 0.0001

Premature birth n(%)

749 (23.55)

1389 (8.34)

3.38 [3.07–3.73]

< 0.0001

LBW n(%)

744 (23.02)

1254 (7.58)

3.65 [3.30–4.03]

< 0.0001

Feeding

 Breastfeeding

1307 (40.25)

8811 (52.92)

1.42 [1.36–1.49]

< 0.0001

 Mixture

1080 (33.26)

4957 (29.77)

 Formula

860 (26.49)

2881 (17.30)

Unhealthy parents

383 (11.77)

1207 (7.23)

1.71 [1.51–1.93]

< 0.0001

CHD

1222 (36.93)

1507 (8.94)

5.97 [5.46–6.52]

< 0.0001

History of pneumonia

785 (23.72)

2000 (11.86)

2.31 [2.11–2.54]

< 0.0001

History of jaundice

231 (6.98)

420 (2.49)

2.94 [2.49–3.47]

< 0.0001

Symptoms at admission n(%)

 Cough

2574 (77.79)

15,333 (90.92)

0.35 [0.32–0.39]

< 0.0001

 Fever

1123 (33.94)

7644 (45.32)

0.62 [0.57–0.67]

< 0.0001

 Wheezing

577 (17.44)

2385 (14.14)

1.28 [1.16–1.42]

< 0.0001

 Dyspnea

735 (22.21)

1532 (9.08)

59.58 [28.89–122.87]

< 0.0001

 Cyanosis

278 (8.40)

74 (0.44)

20.81 [16.06–26.97]

< 0.0001

Abnormal chest X-ray

535 (16.17)

385 (2.28)

8.26 [7.20–9.47]

< 0.0001

Abnormal results n(%)

 WBC

1629 (88.68)

7435 (80.54)

1.89 [1.62–2.21]

< 0.0001

 Neutrophils

880 (49.03)

2291 (24.95)

2.89 [2.61–3.21]

< 0.0001

 Lymphocytes

1028 (57.27)

2634 (28.68)

3.33 [3.00–3.70]

< 0.0001

 Blood serum

337 (31.44)

397 (10.75)

4.27 [3.78–4.81]

< 0.0001

 CRP

641 (35.45)

2390 (26.89)

1.49 [1.34–1.66]

< 0.0001

 ESR

202 (75.09%)

1201 (82.20%)

0.65 [0.48–0.89]

0.0062

 ALB

199 (10.87)

270 (2.79)

8.70 [7.53–10.05]

< 0.0001

 ALT

110 (10.24)

208 (5.60)

2.97 [2.45–3.60]

< 0.0001

 AST

140 (13.00)

256 (6.89)

3.61 [3.03–4.30]

< 0.0001

 TBIL

384 (35.75)

951 (25.63)

2.69 [2.37–3.06]

< 0.0001

 SCR

26 (2.43)

87 (2.36)

1.88 [1.34–2.63]

0.8943

 Proteinuria

511 (31.76)

1036 (13.74)

2.92 [2.58–3.31]

< 0.0001

 RSV

212 (26.27)

267 (18.94)

1.53 [1.24–1.87]

< 0.0001

  1. Definition of abnormal laboratory results: WBC count < 5.0*10^9/L or > 15*10^9/L for 1 m–6 m, < 6.0*10^9/L or > 17.5*10^9/L for 6 m–12 m, < 1.0*10^9/L or > 8.5*10^9/L for 1y-6y; neutrophil count < 1.0*10^9/L or > 5*10^9/L for 1 m–6 m, < 1.0*10^9/L or > 8.5*10^9/L for 6 m-6y; lymphocytes count < 4.0*10^9/L or > 10*10^9/L for 1 m–6 m, < 4.0*10^9/L or > 12*10^9/L for 6 m–12 m, < 1.5*10^9/L or > 9.5*10^9/L for 1y-6y; blood serum, < 135 or 145 mmol/L; CRP > 6 mg/L; ESR > 10 mm/h; ALB< 35 g/L; ALT > 100 U/L; AST > 100 U/L; TBIL>17umol/L
  2. CAP Community-acquired pneumonia, ICU Intensive care unit, LBW Low birth weight (birth weight < 2.5Kg); Unhealthy parents, at least one parent has health condition, CHD Congenital heart disease, WBC White blood cell, Neu Neutrophil count, Lym Lymphocyte count, Na Serum sodium, CRP C-reactive protein, ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ALB Albumin, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), TBIL Total bilirubin (TBIL), SCR Serum creatine, RSV Respiratory syncytial virus