Characteristics | Congenital anomaly | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Control | |||
N (%) | N (%) | |||
Consanguinity | ||||
Yes | 61(58.1) | 62(19.9) | 5.59(3.47, 9.01) | 1.74 (0.78,3.86) |
No | 44(41.9) | 256(80.1) | 1 | 1 |
Drink alcohol | ||||
Yes | 67(63.8) | 57(18.2) | 7.92(4.89,12.94) | 3.48(1.38,8.74)* |
No | 38(36.2) | 256(81.1) | 1 | 1 |
Smoking | ||||
Yes | 58(55.2) | 52(16.6) | 0.16(0.1,0.26) | 1.47(0.58,3.76) |
No | 47(44.8) | 261(83.4) | 1 | 1 |
Maternal illness | ||||
Yes | 41(39) | 64(20.4) | 2.5(1.54, 4.02) | 6.10(2.39,15.57)* |
No | 64(61) | 249(79.6) | 1 | 1 |
Unidentified drug use | ||||
Yes | 50(47.6) | 60(19.2) | 3.8(2.38,6.17) | 0.43(0.16,1.2) |
No | 55(52.4) | 253(80.8) | 1 | 1 |
Chewing khat | ||||
Yes | 69(65.7) | 61(19.5) | 7.92(4.85,12.93) | 4(1.49,10.65)* |
No | 36(34.3) | 252(80.5) | 1 | 1 |
Chemical exposure | ||||
Yes | 70(66.7) | 67(21.4) | 7.34(4.51,11.96) | 4.76(1.57,14.47)* |
No | 35(33.3) | 246(78.6) | 1 | 1 |
Herbal exposure | ||||
Yes | 49(46.7) | 60(19.2) | 3.7(2.3,5.94) | 0.91(0.4,2.07) |
No | 56(53.3) | 253(80.8) | 1 | 1 |
Lack of folic acid use | ||||
Yes | 43(41) | 172(55) | 1.8(1.12,2.8) | 3.25(1.6,6.61)* |
No | 62(59) | 141(45) | 1 | 1 |
Contraceptive use | ||||
Yes | 62(59) | 140(44.7) | 1.8(1.14,2.8) | 1.16(0.51,2.65) |
No | 43(41) | 173(55.3) | 1 | 1 |