Table 2 Course of clinical manifestations of Family 1 (Case 1 and Case 2), Family 2 (Case 3 and Case 4) and AHC phases reported by Mikati et al. (2000)
From: Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood: neurological comorbidities and intrafamilial variability
Family 1 | Family 2 | Mikati et al. (2000) | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | AHC phases | |||||||||||||||
Age | 0–24 mo | 24–28 mo | 3–7 y | 7–11 y | 11–19 y | 0–24 mo | 24–28 mo | 3–7 y | 7–11 y | 11–19 y | 0–1 y | 1–5 y | 6–7 y | 0–1 y | 1–5 y | 6–11 y | Phase 1 | Phase 2 | Phase 3 |
Features | (0–1 y) | (2–5 y) | (+5y) | ||||||||||||||||
Dystonic induced events | +++ | + | – | – | – | ++ | + | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Abnormal ocular movements | +++ | + | – | – | – | ++ | + | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | + | +++ | – |
DD/ID | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | +/− | – | +/− | +/− | + | +++ | +++ |
Autonomic phenomena | ++ | ++ | – | – | – | + | + | – | – | – | – | ++ | + | – | + | + | + | ++ | – |
Hemiplegic attacks | + | ++ | +++ | ++ | + | + | + | ++ | + | – | – | ++ | + | – | +++ | +/− | + | +++ | ++ |
Tonic/dystonic attacks | + | ++ | +++ | ++ | + | + | + | ++ | + | +/− | – | ++ | + | – | +++ | + | + | +++ | ++ |
Acute encephalopathy | – | ++ | – | – | – | ++ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Epileptic seizures | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | ++ | – | + | +++ | + | – | + | + |
Headache with aura | – | – | – | + | +++ | – | – | – | + | ++ | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Walking problems | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | – | + | – | – | – | + | – | – | – |