From: Cardiac hypertrophy and insulin therapy in a pre-term newborn: is there a relationship?
Disease | Hyperinsulinism type | Hyperinsulinism trigger cause/etiology |
---|---|---|
Transient Congenital hyperinsulinism | Transient | - Maternal Stress - Asphyxia - Intrauterine growth restriction |
Persistent Congenital hyperinsulinism (also named persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy) | Persistent | Genetic disorders with mutations in the Kir6.2 (KCNJ11 gene, omim #600937) and SUR1 (ABCC8 gene, omim #600509) that cause a focal or diffuse overproduction of insulin in the pancreas |
Maternal Diabetes | Transient | Gestational diabetes |
Hyperinsulinism drug-related | Transient | Excessive infusion of insulin |
Congenital disorders of glycosylation | Persistent | Autosomal recessive disorders characterized by defective biosynthesis of lipid-linked oligosaccharides or compromised processing of protein-bound oligo- saccharides |
Becwith-Wiedemann syndrome | Persistent | Complex multigenic hyperinsulinism syndrome caused by dysregulation of imprinted growth regulatory genes within the chromosome 11p15 region, including increased activity of the IGF-2 gene in several tissues |
Costello syndrome | Persistent | Congenital hyperinsulinism syndrome caused by mu- tations in the HRAS proto-oncogene |