Table 4 Bivariate and multivariable analysis between variables and active trachoma among school-age children at Debre Tabor town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019 (N = 394)

SWM at HH level

Improper

20

83

3.45(1.76–6.77

3.02(1.17–7.80) *

Proper

19

272

1

1

LWM at HH

Improper

28

182

2.42(1.17–5.01

1.34(0.37–4.88)

Proper

11

173

1

1

Source of water

Unimproved

7

6

12.72(4.03 40.14)

6.52(0.58–72.99)

Improved

32

349

1

1

Availability of latrine

No

5

14

3.58(1.21–10.55)

2.44(1.85–4.99)

Yes

34

341

1

1

Latrine type(n = 376)

Unimproved

24

80

7.86(3.60–17.30)

5.18(1.95–13.69) **

Improved

10

262

1

1

House property

Rental

18

121

1.66(0.85–3.23)

1.30(0.41–4.11)

Owner

21

234

1

1

Nasal discharge

Yes

24

21

24.44(11.64–55.59)

0.29(0.05–1.61)

No

15

334

1

1

Facial cleanliness

Unclean

24

22

24.21(11.14–52.62)

23.93(8.25–69.38)**

clean

15

333

1

1

Utilization of fomites

Yes

17

98

2.00(1.03 -3.97)

2.56(0.87–7.50)

No

22

257

1

1

Utilization of soap

No

30

168

3.71(1.71–8.04)

3.27(1.19–8.94) **

Yes

9

187

1

1

Family size

 > 4

23

162

1.71(0.87–3.35)

3.40(1.22–9.49) *

 ≤ 4

16

193

1

1

School level of the child

Not attended

15

82

1.93(0.75–5.00)

2.65(0.55–12.01

Grade 1–4

17

199

0.90(0.36–2.27)

1.21(0.29–5.09)

Grade 5–8

7

74

1

1

Mother/guardian educational level

Unable to read and write

17

78

4.69(1.94–11.30)

1.39(0.28–6.76)

Primary school

14

105

2.87(1.16–7.06)

1.89(0.46–7.69)

Secondary and higher

8

172

1

1

Heard about trachoma

No

11

44

2.78(1.29–5.97)

0.93(0.22–3.88)

Yes

28

311

1

1