Table 1 Demographical, anamnestic and clinical characteristics of patients with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in the period 2019–2021

Number of T1D diagnosis

43

53

58

154

Age at diagnosis (years)

8.9 (5.8; 12.2)

8 (3.3; 10.7)

8.3 (4.5; 11)

8.9 (5.2; 12.1)

Gender

 Male

18 (41.9%)

27 (50.9%)

24 (41.4%)

69 (44.8%)

 Female

25 (58.1%)

26 (49.1%)

34 (58.6%)

85 (55.2%)

BMI (z-score)

0.63 (-0.91; 1.71)

0.25 (-1.04; 1.2)

0.1 (-1.24; 0.79)

0.2 (-1.07; 1.2)

HbA1c at diagnosis (%)

11.4 (9.8; 13.1)

11.7 (10.4; 13.3)

11.9 (10.5;13.4)

11.6 (10.1; 13.4)

DKA

 Yes

19 (44.1%)

27 (50.9%)

25 (43.1%)

71 (46.1%)

 No

24 (55.9%)

26 (49.1%)

33 (56.9%)

83 (53.9%)

Severity DKA

 Mild

7 (36.8%)

11 (40.7%)

11 (44%)

29 (41%)

 Moderate

4 (21.1%)

4 (26.9%)

6 (24%)

14 (19.7%)

 Severe

8 (42.1%)

12 (44.4%)

8 (32%)

28 (39.3%)

DKA-related complications

 Yes

0

0

0

0

 No

43 (100%)

53 (100%)

58 (100%)

154 (100%)

T1D autoimmunity

 Yes

38 (88.4%)

47 (88.7%)

56 (96.6%)

141 (91.6%)

 No

5 (11.6%)

6 (11.3%)

2 (3.4%)

13 (8.4%)

Other autoimmune disorders

 Yes

5 (11.6%)

8 (15.1%)

5 (8.6%)

18 (11.7%)

 No

38 (88.4%)

45 (84.9%)

53 (91.4%)

137 (88.3%)

T1D in first-degree relatives

 Yes

3 (7.0%)

3 (5.7%)

3 (5.2%)

9 (5.8%)

 No

40 (93.0%)

50 (94.3%)

55 (94.8%)

145 (94.2%)