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Table 1 Anthropometry, socio-economic status (SES) and prevalence of house dust mite sensitization in 346 pupils aged 6–14 years from Kaduna state, Nigeria

From: The impact of urbanization and wealth on house dust mite sensitization in children from north-central Nigeria

 

RURALa

URBAN

 

Low SES (FAS 0–1)

Medium SES

(FAS 2–3)

Tot

Low SES (FAS 0–1)

Medium SES

(FAS 2–3)

High SES (FAS ≥ 4)

Tot

Subjects, n (% of tot)

113 (80)

29 (20)

142

81 (40)

61 (30)

62 (30)

204

Age, yr ± SD

9.3 ± 1.9

9.7 ± 2.4

9.4 ± 2.0

10.3 ± 2.2

9.4 ± 1.7

9.4 ± 1.7

9.8 ± 2.0

Height z-score ± SD

-1.56 ± 0.97

-1.23 ± 1.16

-1.50 ± 1.0

-1.24 ± 1.42

0.19 ± 1.53

1.03 ± 1.02

-0.12 ± 1.66

BMI z-score ± SD

-0.93 ± 0.90

-0.74 ± 0.85

-0.90 ± 0.9

-1.20 ± 1.40

-0.37 ± 1.43

0.70 ± 1.34

-0.37 ± 1.60

House dust mite SPT positivityb n (% of pupils in the SES group)

4 (3.5%)

0

4 (2.8%)

7 (8.6%)

8 (13.1%)

17 (27.4%)c

32 (15.6%)

  1. Abbreviations: SES Socio-economic status, FAS Family Affluence Score, BMI Body mass index, SD Standard deviation, SPT Skin prick tests
  2. aNo children with high SES (FAS ≥ 4) in the rural setting
  3. Height z-score and BMI z-score values based on WHO 2007 growth reference (https://www.who.int/growthref/en/)
  4. bwheal ≥ 3 mm for the tested allergen and histamine plus negative control with a wheal < 3 mm 15 min after the SPT
  5. cP (for differences in frequencies of HDM sensitization): 0.04 compared to urban medium SES group (FAS 2–3) and = 0.003 compared with urban low SES group (FAS 0–1)