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Table 3 Risk factors for severe bronchiolitis

From: UPDATE - 2022 Italian guidelines on the management of bronchiolitis in infants

• Infants born prematurely (<35 weeks’ gestation)

• <3 months of age at presentation

• Decreased hydration and feeding (<50% of usual fluid intake in preceding 24 h)

• Hemodynamically significant cardiac disease

• Chronic lung disease

• Neurological disorders

• Immunodeficiency

• Environmental factors: exposure to tobacco smoke and or air pollution

• Social factors: distance from the hospital or difficulty to access to the hospital; poor social circumstances; unreliable parents or parents do not able to spot red flag symptoms