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Table 4 Prevalence of psychoemotional problems in Adolescents and Children

From: Psycho-emotional distress in children and adolescents in relation to COVID-19 confinement and pandemic: A systematized review

Authors

Adolescents

Anxiety

Depression

Stress

Emotional/ Mood problems

Conduct / Behavior Problems

a Pizarro-Ruiz [8]

43.0%

34.0%

NA

37.7%

46.0%

Tang [16]

Senior Secundary:39.3%

Senior Secundary:32.2%

Senior Secondary: 25.1%

NA

NA

Gomez-Becerra [9]

NA

NA

NA

Mean Score

Emotional Symptoms:1.80

Mean Score

Conduct Problems: 3.74

Tamarit[12]

Mild:5.5%

Moderate:15.1%

Severe:5.5%

Extremely severe:10.9%

Mild:11.3%

Moderate:13.6%

Severe:5.9%

Extremely severe:7.8%

Mild:11.3%

Moderate:12.4%

Severe:9.0%

Extremely severe:4.0%

NA

NA

Magson [17]

Mean Scores

T1 4.6

T2 5.1

Mean Scores

T1 3.81

T2 6.12

NA

NA

Mean Scores

Conflict-mother T2:2.95

Conflict-father T2:3.04

Ezpeleta [13]

NA

NA

NA

Mean Pre covid:1.21

Mean Post covid:0.82

Conduct:

Mean Pre covid:0.98

Mean Post covid:1.23

Behavior:

Mean Pre covid:1.46

Mean Post covid:2.85

Segre [19]

46.9%

NA

NA

17%

NA

Radwan [22]

Mean Score:17.98

Mean Score:20.76

Mean Score:19.12

NA

NA

b Mohler-Kuo [23]

13.1%

7.1%

NA

NA

ADHD symptoms:23%

ODD symptoms:14.6%

AUTHORS

CHILDREN

Anxiety

Depression

Stress

Emotional / Mood problems

Conduct / Behavior Problems

a Pizarro-Ruiz [8]

33.2%

22.8%

NA

30.2%

46.8%

Tang [16]

Primary:20.7%

Junior Secondary:24.7%

Primary:17.3%

Junior Secondary:19.2%

Primary:13%

Junior Secondary:14.9%

NA

NA

Gomez-Becerra [9]

NA

NA

NA

Mean Score:

Emotional Symptoms:3.84

Mean Score:

Conduct Problems: 2.58

Orgilés [11]

Mean Scores

SSL Group:2.66

Control Group:5.12

NA

NA

Mean Scores

SSL Group:1.12

Control Group:2.75

Mean Scores

SSL Group:1.68

Control Group:2.43

Erades [10]

NA

NA

NA

Emotional reactions: 69.6%

Indifference:24.1%

Discouragement: 23.2%

Behavioral reactions: 24.1%

Angry:21.4%

Aggressiveness: 17.0%

Morgül [20]

NA

NA

NA

Bored:73.8%

Sad:43.4%

Worried:52.4%

Anxious:45.2%

Behavioral problems:26.2%

Irritable:57.1%

Angry:48.6%

Argue:29.7%

Liang [18]

NA

NA

NA

Total Scores

Bored:60.5%

Sad:38.4%

Worried:48.2%

Anxious:25.1%

Total Scores

Behavioral problems:9.1%

Irritable:39.3%

Angry:29.1%

Argue:30.1%

Segre [19]

53.1%

NA

NA

19%

NA

Al-Rahamneh [21]

NA

NA

NA

Bored:77.5%

Sad:43.4%

Worried:38.7%

Anxious:44.8%

Behavioral problems:25.4%

Irritable:66%

Angry: 51.8%

Argue:60.7%

  1. a Percentage that scored higher than the clinical sample of SENA scales. b The results are given in the table for adolescents, since most of the sample is over 12 years old, and the authors give the results of psychoemotional disturbances at the general level. NA: Not Appear; T1: period pre-pandemic; T2: period during the pandemic;SSL:Super Skills for Life program; ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder;ODD: Oppositional Defiant Disorder