Critical Care

Inhaled Surfactant in the treatment of accidental Talc Powder inhalation: a new case report

The use of talcum powder is incorrectly part of the traditional care of infants. Its acute aspiration is a very dangerous condition in childhood. Although the use of baby powder has been discouraged from many ...

Authors: Federico Matina, Mirella Collura, Maria Cristina Maggio, Patrizio Vitulo, Caterina Lo Piparo and Giovanni Corsello

Acute interstitial nephritis with acetaminophen and alcohol intoxication

Drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) represents a growing cause of renal failure in current medical practice. While antimicrobials and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are typically associated ...

Authors: Lauren L Fruchter, Iakovina Alexopoulou and Keith K Lau

Acute lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus in a group of Egyptian children under 5 years of age

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most important causes of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI) in infants and young children. This study was conducted to describe the epidemiology of...

Authors: Aya M Fattouh, Yasmeen A Mansi, Mervat G El-anany, Amany A El-kholy and Hanaa M El-karaksy

Socio-economic determinants in selecting childhood diarrhoea treatment options in Sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel model

Diarrhoea disease which has been attributed to poverty constitutes a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children aged five and below in most low-and-middle income countries. This study sought to examine...

Authors: Olatunde Aremu, Stephen Lawoko, Tahereh Moradi and Koustuv Dalal

Fever detection in under 5 children in a tertiary health facility using the infrared tympanic thermometer in the oral mode

Authors: Benedict O Edelu, Ngozi C Ojinnaka and Anthony N Ikefuna

Tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation weaning in children affected by respiratory virus according to a weaning protocol in a pediatric intensive care unit in Argentina: an observational restrospective trial

We describe difficult weaning after prolonged mechanical ventilation in three tracheostomized children affected by respiratory virus infection. Although the spontaneous breathing trials were successful, the pa...

Authors: Gustavo Caprotta, Patricia Gonzalez Crotti and Judith Frydman

Body fluids and salt metabolism - Part II

There is a high frequency of diarrhea and vomiting in childhood. As a consequence the focus of the present review is to recognize the different body fluid compartments, to clinically assess the degree of dehyd...

Authors: Mattia Peruzzo, Gregorio P Milani, Luca Garzoni, Laura Longoni, Giacomo D Simonetti, Alberto Bettinelli, Emilio F Fossali and Mario G Bianchetti

Therapeutic approach to bronchiolitis: why pediatricians continue to overprescribe drugs?

Bronchiolitis guidelines suggest that neither bronchodilators nor corticosteroids, antiviral and antibacterial agents should be routinely used. Although recommendations, many clinicians persistently prescribe ...

Authors: Daniele De Brasi, Fortunato Pannuti, Fabio Antonelli, Federica de Seta, Paolo Siani and Luciano de Seta

An unusual case of anisocoria by vegetal intoxication: a case report

A 12 year old boy presented with an acute onset of anisocoria and blurred vision. Ocular motility was normal but his right pupil was dilated, round but sluggishly reactive to light. There was no history of tra...

Authors: Marina Macchiaiolo, Elettra Vignati, Michaela V Gonfiantini, Annalisa Grandin, Maria Teresa Romano, Michele Salata, Diletta Valentini and Alberto Villani

Outcome of children with life-threatening asthma necessitating pediatric intensive care

To report the outcome of children with life-threatening asthma (LTA) admitted to a university Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).

Authors: Kam-Lun Hon, Wing-Sum Winnie Tang, Ting-Fan Leung, Kam-Lau Cheung and Pak-Cheung Ng

Validation of "Signs of Inflammation in Children that Kill" (SICK) score for immediate non-invasive assessment of severity of illness

To validate the SICK scoring system's ability to differentiate between individuals with higher and lower probabilities of death

Authors: Manoj A Gupta, Anjan Chakrabarty, Ruth Halstead, Mohit Sahni, Jayanti Rangasami, Ashish Puliyel, Vishnubhatla Sreenivas, David A Green and Jacob M Puliyel