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  1. Birth defects are defined as those conditions that are substantially determined before or during birth and which are recognizable in early life. They are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infant...

    Authors: Mohammad Zeeshan Raza, Asfandyar Sheikh, Syed Salman Ahmed, Sajid Ali and Syed Mumtaz Ali Naqvi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:68

    Content type: Research

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  2. Neonatal testicular tumors are rare and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborn scrotal masses. Juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) accounts for about 5% of all prepubertal testis tumors...

    Authors: Anna Lavinia Bulotta, Francesco Molinaro, Rossella Angotti, Francesco Ferrara, Giovanni Di Maggio, Edoardo Bindi and Mario Messina

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:67

    Content type: Case report

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  3. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by self-limiting recurrent attacks of fever and serosal inflammation, leading to abdominal, thoracic or articular pain.

    Authors: Hala Salah El-Din Talaat, Mohamed Farouk Mohamed, Nihal Mohamed Mohamed El Rifai and Mohamed Ali Gomaa

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:66

    Content type: Research

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  4. Ehlers Danlos syndrome (EDS) athrocalasia type (type VII), is characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility and tissue fragility. No heart involvement has been reported. Two forms have been des...

    Authors: Daniela Melis, Gerarda Cappuccio, Virginia Maria Ginocchio, Giorgia Minopoli, Maurizia Valli, Massimiliano Corradi and Generoso Andria

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:65

    Content type: Case report

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  5. We report a case with the association of well self-compensated hereditary fructose intolerance and still poorly symptomatic Duchenne type muscular dystrophy. This case illustrates the problems of a correct dia...

    Authors: Giulia Paolella, Pasquale Pisano, Raffaele Albano, Lucio Cannaviello, Carolina Mauro, Gabriella Esposito and Pietro Vajro

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:64

    Content type: Case report

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  6. To evaluate whether the addition of a probiotic could improve Helicobacter pylori (H.P.) eradication rates and reduce the side effects of treatment in children.

    Authors: Salvatore Tolone, Valeria Pellino, Giovanna Vitaliti, Angela lanzafame and Carlo Tolone

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:63

    Content type: Research

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  7. Severe tracheomalacia presents a significant challenge for Paediatricians, Intensivists, Respiratory Physicians, Otolaryngologists and Paediatric Surgeons. The treatment of tracheomacia remains controversial, ...

    Authors: Michele Torre, Marcello Carlucci, Simone Speggiorin and Martin J Elliott

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:62

    Content type: Review

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  8. Acquired complete heart block, in pediatric age is mainly the results of direct injury to conduction tissue during cardiac surgery or cardiac catheterisation. It can also be observed in different clinical sett...

    Authors: Nicola Carano, Ilaria Bo, Bertrand Tchana, Erica Vecchione, Silvia Fantoni and Aldo Agnetti

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:61

    Content type: Case report

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  9. It’s well established that asthma, allergic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis are three closely related disease. In pediatrics, these conditions represent a common issue in daily practice. The scientific community h...

    Authors: Davide Caimmi, Alessia Marseglia, Giovanni Pieri, Serena Benzo, Luca Bosa and Silvia Caimmi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:60

    Content type: Review

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  10. Medium chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD) is the most common inborn error of fatty acid oxidation. This condition may lead to cellular energy shortage and cause severe clinical events such as hypok...

    Authors: Cristina Lovera, Francesco Porta, Anna Caciotti, Serena Catarzi, Michela Cassanello, Ubaldo Caruso, Maria Rita Gallina, Amelia Morrone and Marco Spada

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:59

    Content type: Case report

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  11. To evaluate medical, economical and sociological variables underlying avoidable pediatric migration from Campania region.

    Authors: Pietro Vajro, Giulia Paolella, Egidio Celentano, Giuseppe Longo, Tullia Saccheri, Claudio Pinto, Giuseppe Masullo, Virginia Scafarto and Attilio Montano Bianchi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:58

    Content type: Research

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  12. We report on a case of autoimmune thyroiditis in a 6-month-old patient with cortico-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Normal serum levels of thyroid hormons and thyroid-stimulating hormone were detected with high ...

    Authors: Flavia Urbano, Angelo Acquafredda, Gabriella Aceto, Rosa Penza and Luciano Cavallo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:57

    Content type: Case report

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  13. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is a relatively common condition characterized by a mild persistent thyroid failure. The management of children with SH is still a controversial issue and the decision to treat ...

    Authors: Raffaella Di Mase, Manuela Cerbone, Nicola Improda, Andrea Esposito, Donatella Capalbo, Ciro Mainolfi, Francesca Santamaria, Claudio Pignata and Mariacarolina Salerno

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:56

    Content type: Research

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  14. The epidemics of overweight and obesity has resulted in a significant increase of non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a potentially progressive condition. Currently, obesity related hepatopathy represen...

    Authors: Pietro Vajro, Selvaggia Lenta, Claudio Pignata, Mariacarolina Salerno, Roberta D’Aniello, Ida De Micco, Giulia Paolella and Giancarlo Parenti

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:55

    Content type: Review

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  15. Turner Syndrome (TS) is caused by monosomy or structural abnormalities of the X chromosome, with a prevalence of about 1/2000 females live birth. Most important clinical features of TS are short stature and go...

    Authors: Nicola Improda, Martina Rezzuto, Sara Alfano, Giancarlo Parenti, Pietro Vajro, Claudio Pignata and Mariacarolina Salerno

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:54

    Content type: Case report

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  16. Iodine-131-metaiodiobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) therapy combined with allogeneic cord blood stem cell transplantation (SCT) was used to treat a 4-year-old girl with recurrent neuroblastoma. The patient experience...

    Authors: Yuya Sato, Hidemitsu Kurosawa, Keitaro Fukushima, Mayuko Okuya, Susumu Hagisawa, Kenichi Sugita, Osamu Arisaka, Anri Inaki, Hiroshi Wakabayashi, Ayane Nakamura, Makoto Fukuoka, Daiki Kayano and Seigo Kinuya

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:53

    Content type: Case report

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  17. An increasing number of foetuses are recognized as having double Y because of the widespread use of prenatal screening using chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis. 47, XYY karyotype occurs in about one o...

    Authors: Faustina Lalatta, Emanuela Folliero, Ugo Cavallari, Marina Di Segni, Barbara Gentilin, Roberto Fogliani, Donatella Quagliarini, Paola Vizziello, Federico Monti and Luigi Gargantini

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:52

    Content type: Research

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  18. Nasal cytology is a very useful diagnostic tool in nasal disorders, being able to detect both the cellular modifications of the nasal epithelium caused by either allergen exposure or irritative stimuli (that m...

    Authors: Matteo Gelardi, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Amelia Licari, Massimo Landi, Ilaria Dell’Albani, Cristoforo Incorvaia, Franco Frati and Nicola Quaranta

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:51

    Content type: Review

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  19. The sensitization to more allergens, such as polysenitization, is becoming a frequent characteristic of allergic patients, since the childhood. However, this phenomenon is considered an obstacle to prescribe i...

    Authors: Giorgio Ciprandi, Cristoforo Incorvaia, Paola Puccinelli, Ilaria Dell’Albani and Franco Frati

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:50

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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  20. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis and detection of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). This syndrome may be associated with connective tissue disorder...

    Authors: Nicola Improda, Maria Alessio, Donatella Capalbo, Giustina Russo, Ida D’Acunzo, Loredana Palamaro, Claudio Pignata and Mariacarolina Salerno

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:49

    Content type: Case report

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  21. Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair (NS/LAH; OMIM #607721) has been recently related to the invariant c.4A > G missense change in SHOC2. It is characterized by features reminiscent of Noonan syndrome. Ect...

    Authors: Donatella Capalbo, Maria Giuseppa Scala, Daniela Melis, Giorgia Minopoli, Nicola Improda, Loredana Palamaro, Claudio Pignata and Mariacarolina Salerno

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:48

    Content type: Case report

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  22. We report on a female patient affected by galactosemia in whom the diagnosis was obscured by the concomitant presence of manifestations suggesting a cow’s milk intolerance. This case exemplifies the problems i...

    Authors: Roberto Della Casa, Carla Ungaro, Emma Acampora, Claudio Pignata, Pietro Vajro, Mariacarolina Salerno, Francesca Santamaria and Giancarlo Parenti

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:47

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is involved in cellular immune responses against intracellular pathogens by promoting the generation of T naive in T helper 1 (Th1) cells and by increasing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) p...

    Authors: Loredana Palamaro, Giuliana Giardino, Francesca Santamaria, Rosa Romano, Anna Fusco, Silvia Montella, Mariacarolina Salerno, Matilde Valeria Ursini and Claudio Pignata

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:46

    Content type: Case report

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  24. The Hyper-immunoglobulin M syndromes (HIGM) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders resulting in defects of immunoglobulin class switch recombination. Affected patients show humoral immunodeficiency and...

    Authors: Silvia Montella, Marco Maglione, Giuliana Giardino, Angela Di Giorgio, Loredana Palamaro, Virginia Mirra, Matilde Valeria Ursini, Mariacarolina Salerno, Claudio Pignata, Carlo Caffarelli and Francesca Santamaria

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:45

    Content type: Case report

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  25. We aimed to evaluate thyroid functions and volumes and detect abnormalities in 80 neonates with Down syndrome.

    Authors: Dilek Sarici, Mustafa Ali Akin, Selim Kurtoglu, Tamer Gunes, Mehmet Adnan Ozturk and Mustafa Akcakus

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:44

    Content type: Research

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  26. Exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIA) is a distinct form of physical allergy. The development of anaphylaxis during exertion often requires the concomitant exposure to triggering factors such as intake of foods (...

    Authors: Carlotta Povesi Dascola and Carlo Caffarelli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:43

    Content type: Review

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  27. Clustering of Autoimmune Diseases (CAD) is now emerging as a novel clinical entity within monogenic immune defects with a high familial occurrence. Aim of this study is to evaluate the regulatory mechanisms go...

    Authors: Loredana Palamaro, Giuliana Giardino, Francesca Santamaria, Ugo Ramenghi, Umberto Dianzani and Claudio Pignata

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:42

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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  29. Fever is an extremely common sign in paediatric patients and the most common cause for a child to be taken to the doctor. The literature indicates that physicians and parents have too many misconceptions and c...

    Authors: Figen Demir and Ozgur Sekreter

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:40

    Content type: Research

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  30. Cardiomyopathy is noted in up to 40% of infants of diabetic mothers, and the exact mechanisms responsible for it are unknown. The aim of this study was to compare between infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) and ...

    Authors: Afaf Korraa, Mohamed Hesham Ezzat, Mahmoud Bastawy, Hassan Aly, Abdel-Azeem El-Mazary and Lobna Abd El-Aziz

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:39

    Content type: Research

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  31. The most striking event in the whole process of female puberty is the onset of menstruation. To our knowledge, no large population-based studies have been performed on the topic of menstrual health among Itali...

    Authors: Franco Rigon, Vincenzo De Sanctis, Sergio Bernasconi, Luigi Bianchin, Gianni Bona, Mauro Bozzola, Fabio Buzi, Giorgio Radetti, Luciano Tatò, Giorgio Tonini, Carlo De Sanctis and Egle Perissinotto

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:38

    Content type: Research

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  32. Psycho-social outcome in children after liver transplantation (LT) is known to be inferior to age-related peers. Yet, when children and their parents are questioned by their nurse or physician about the child’...

    Authors: Ana Maria Calinescu, Valérie A McLin, Dominque Belli and Barbara E Wildhaber

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:37

    Content type: Research

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  34. The most frequent symptoms among the manifestations of cow milk protein allergy (CMPA) are gastrointestinal. CMPA pathogenesis involves immunological mechanisms with participation of immunocompetent cells and ...

    Authors: Giovanna Vitaliti, Carla Cimino, Alfina Coco, Andrea Domenico Praticò and Elena Lionetti

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:35

    Content type: Review

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2014 39:82

  35. Infantile colic is one of the major challenges of parenthood. It is one of the common reasons parents seek medical advice during their child’s first 3 months of life. It is defined as paroxysms of crying lasti...

    Authors: Abdelmoneim E M Kheir

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:34

    Content type: Review

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    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2014 40:9

  36. Perinatal asphyxia leading to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a common problem causing multi organ dysfunction including myocardial involvement which can affect the outcome.

    Authors: Jyoti Agrawal, Gauri S Shah, Prakash Poudel, Nirmal Baral, Ajay Agrawal and Om P Mishra

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:33

    Content type: Research

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  40. Asthma is the most common chronic disease in young children. About 40% of all preschool children regularly wheeze during common cold infections. The heterogeneity of wheezing phenotypes early in life and vario...

    Authors: Silvia Montella, Marco Maglione, Sara De Stefano, Angelo Manna, Angela Di Giorgio and Francesca Santamaria

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:29

    Content type: Review

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  41. Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis is a rare and potentially lethal form of airway obstruction in newborns. Immediate recognition and appropriate therapy are mandatory for this potentially life-threat...

    Authors: Enrico Sesenna, Massimiliano Leporati, Bruno Brevi, Gabriele Oretti and Andrea Ferri

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:28

    Content type: Case report

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  42. Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis (OS-CS) or Horan-Beighton syndrome is a rare X-linked dominant inherited bone dysplasia, characterized by longitudinal striations of long bones and cranial sclerosis....

    Authors: Anna Maria Zicari, Luigi Tarani, Daniela Perotti, Laura Papetti, Francesco Nicita, Natascia Liberati, Alberto Spalice, Guglielmo Salvatori, Federica Guaraldi and Marzia Duse

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:27

    Content type: Review

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  43. Atopic eczema is a common and distressing disease. This study aims to review PubMed indexed research statistics on atopic eczema over a-10 year period to investigate the clinical relevance and research interes...

    Authors: Kam-Lun Ellis Hon, Vivien Yong and Ting-Fan Leung

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:26

    Content type: Review

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  44. The exact etiology of recurrent tonsillopharyngitis in children is not clear. Recurrent tonsillitis in children has multifactorial etiology like most of the diseases in childhood. In this study, our aim was to...

    Authors: Ismail Yildiz, Emin Unuvar, Umit Zeybek, Bahar Toptas, Canan Cacina, Sadık Toprak, Ayse Kilic and Salih Aydin

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:25

    Content type: Research

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  45. Prevalence of overweight and obesity has been reported as high even in preschool age children. However, recent international reports suggest that prevalence is now plateauing in pediatric age. Up to now no dat...

    Authors: Paolo Brambilla, Maria Vezzoni, Roberto Lucchini, Luigi Acerbi, Alessandra Brambilla, Giancarlo Brandolini, Patrizia Rogari and Galdino Cassavia

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:24

    Content type: Research

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  46. Main progresses in endocrinology, gastroenterology, hemato-oncology, infectious diseases, otolaryngology, pharmacotherapy, and respiratory tract illnesses selected from articles published in The Italian Journa...

    Authors: Carlo Caffarelli, Francesca Santamaria, Silvia Cesari, Angela Di Giorgio and Sergio Bernasconi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:23

    Content type: Review

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  47. The increasing prevalence of allergic diseases in childhood in the last decades could be linked to concomitant dietary changes, especially with the modified and lower consumption of fruit, vegetables and miner...

    Authors: Diego G. Peroni, Beatrice Bonomo, Serena Casarotto, Attilio L. Boner and Giorgio L. Piacentini

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:22

    Content type: Review

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  48. The relationship between zinc (Zn) and growth hormone-insulin growth factor (GH-IGF) system and how Zn therapy stimulates growth in children has not been clearly defined in humans. Thus, we aimed to assess GH-...

    Authors: Rasha T Hamza, Amira I Hamed and Mahmoud T Sallam

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:21

    Content type: Research

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  49. Riga Fede disease is a reactive mucosal disease as a result of repetitive trauma of the tongue by the anterior primary teeth during forward and backward movement. Although the aspect of the lesion might be imp...

    Authors: Erik H van der Meij, Tjalling W de Vries, Henk F Eggink and Jan GAM de Visscher

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:20

    Content type: Case report

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  50. In this short essay, we would like to address a severe divergence observed in Italy between Life Expectancy (LE) and Healthy Life Expectancy (Healthy LE) and a unique trend of worsening in Healthy LE, compared...

    Authors: Valerio Gennaro, Giovanni Ghirga and Laura Corradi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2012 38:19

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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