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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), previously known as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, is a slow-growing Gram-negative coccobacillus, member of the HACEK group of bacteria colonizing oral flora....
In 2016, we performed a one-day investigation to analyze the prevalence of pain, pain intensity, and pain therapy in the Departments of Surgery and Onco-Hematology of the Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù. To i...
Rates of antibiotic-resistant bacteria have increased worldwide over recent years, but the Italian Institute of Health reported a disruption to this trend in 2021 compared with 2020. Children are often recipie...
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe condition in immunocompromised children, but the optimal management is still under debate. In order to better clarify this issue, a literature search was perf...
Celiac disease (CD) is characterized by elevated serum titers of autoantibodies IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase 2 (TGA-IgA) and IgA anti-endomysial (EMA), with small bowel mucosa atrophy. We evaluated age dif...
In Sicily, the first wave of COVID-19 showed a low epidemic impact in paediatric population, while the second and the third waves had a higher impact on clinical presentation of COVID-19 in children and a sign...
Acute pain is a common symptom in children of all ages, and is associated with a variety of conditions. Despite the availability of guidelines, pain often remains underestimated and undertreated. Paracetamol a...
To date, no studies on presepsin values in cord blood of term infants with risk factors for early-onset sepsis (EOS) are available, whereas only one study reported presepsin values in cord blood of preterm inf...
In Italy, the State Regions Conference on 1st August 2019 approved the Guidelines for Short-Stay Observation (SSO). At the beginning of 2022, the main Scientific Societies of the pediatric hospital emergency-urge...
In literature, a few reports described an association between paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) and Castelman’s disease (CD), but no consensus have been proposed for the diagnostic-therapeutical approach. Aim of ...
The original article was published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2022 48:204
Recurrent wheezing is a common clinical problem in early childhood, which is associated with significant morbidity. There is no international consensus on the management and prevention of recurrent wheezing; t...
To evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroids in anti-inflammatory treatment of pediatric acute myocarditis.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with obesity. A subclinical inflammation state, endothelial dysfunction, and parameters related to metabolic syndrome (MetS), have been documented in children wi...
Childhood obesity is increasing all over the world. It is associated with a reduction in quality of life and a relevant burden on society costs. This systematic review deals with the cost-effectiveness analysi...
Vitamin D is involved in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism, although its extra-skeletal actions are also well-known. Low serum 25(OH)D levels are common both in adults and children worldwide.
The aim of this study is to compare the 2021–2022 bronchiolitis season to the four previous years (2017–2018, 2018–2019, 2019–2020, 2020–2021) to see if there was an anticipation of the peak, an overall increa...
Rapid and accurate identification of pathogens is very important for the treatment of Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) in children. Metagenomic Next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been applied in t...
Abnormalities in position and/or branching of the aortic arch can lead to vascular rings that may cause narrowing of the tracheal lumen due to external compression, or constriction of the oesophagus, causing s...
To date, pain and anxiety are the most common symptoms reported by children who refer to pediatric emergency department. Despite it is well known that the undertreatment of this condition has some negative con...
The original article was published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:187
This study investigated the efficacy of the integrated blood purification mode of early haemoperfusion (HP) combined with continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) in children with severe viral encepha...
This study aimed to analyze all the patients who contacted the hospital’s pediatric poison control center (PPCC) for exposure to ibuprofen and acetaminophen, in order to assess the incidence of any adverse rea...
Bronchiolitis is an acute respiratory illness that is the leading cause of hospitalization in young children. This document aims to update the consensus document published in 2014 to provide guidance on the cu...
Communicating the diagnosis of Down Syndrome to a couple of parents is never easy, whether before or after birth. As doctors, we must certainly rely on our own relational skills, but it is also necessary to be...
Duplications of the long arm of chromosome 3 are rare, and associated to a well-defined contiguous gene syndrome known as partial trisomy 3q syndrome. It has been first described in 1966 by Falek et al., and s...
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a critical disease in premature infants. Vitamin D plays an important role in promoting the development of fetal lung structure and the formation of pulmonary s...
Around the world, the 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has raised serious public health problems and major medical challenges. T...
Infants with rule-out infections are responsible for the majority of empirical antibiotics treatment (EAT) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), particularly very preterm infants (VPIs). Antibiotic overuse...
Nutrition practices for preterm infants include phases of parenteral nutrition, gradually interrupted parenteral nutrition (transition phase), and full enteral nutrition. However, nutrition management during t...
Post-COVID condition is a new and highly debated entity that is still to be outlined in its complexity, especially in the pediatric population. In response to the article by Trapani and colleagues, we report t...
The original article was published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2022 48:83
Schimke immunoosseous dysplasia (SIOD) is an ultra-rare inherited disease affecting many organ systems. Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, T-cell immunodeficiency and steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome are the ma...
Telemedicine has been recognized as an integral part of the National Health Service in Italy. Telemedicine can be adopted in the diagnostic therapeutic assistance pathway and in individual assistance plans. In...
Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are chronic/remittent inflammatory diseases associated with a substantial diagnostic delay, often attributable to misdiagnosis and variable clinical presentation...
Acute otitis media has become a rare cause of facial palsy in children. A high index of suspicion is essential to achieve the diagnosis and to properly treat this condition to avoid permanent neurological sequ...
Quality sleep is essential for physical and mental health. We aimed to analyze sleep disorders in children with acute leukemia and explore associated factors.
Pediatric Mastocytosis is a rare and heterogeneous disease, characterized by accumulation of mast cells in the skin (Cutaneous Mastocytosis) and/or, less frequently, in other organs, mainly liver, spleen, bone...
Patients who experience cardiorespiratory events usually have to be moved to specialized centers to perform cardiorespiratory studies. To avoid the transfer of these patients to specialized centers, a network ...
In children with congenital heart disease (CHD) respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection may have a severe course, with increased risk of morbidity and mortality, requiring hospital admission and intensive ...
Vitamin B12 is an important vitamin for metabolism and affects many mechanisms in the body including neuronal migration, DNA synthesis, neurotransmitter synthesis, brain and cognitive development. Increased ox...
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a kind of vasculitis with unidentified etiology. Given that the current diagnosis and therapeutic strategy of KD are mainly dependent on clinical experiences, further research to explo...
Corticosteroids are widely used in medicine. Few cases of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) have been reported following topical corticosteroid administration. We describe the first case of pediatric CSC ...
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile illness of unknown etiology and predictors for intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance have been widely explored in recent decades. Neutrophil to lymphocyte plate...
Developmental delay and intellectual disability represent a common pathology in general population, involving about 3% of the pediatric age population, the genetic etiology being often involved. The aim of thi...
Osteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis (OS-CS), also known as Horan-Beighton Syndrome, is a rare genetic disease; about 90 cases have been reported to date. It is associated with mutations (heterozygous fo...
Congenital syphilis (CS) depends on the placental transmission of Treponema pallidum (TP) spirochetes from an infected mother to fetus during pregnancy. It shows a wide clinical variability with cutaneous and vis...
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisystemic complex genetic disorder caused by the loss of paternally expressed genes in the human chromosome region 15q11.2-q13. It is characterized by severe hypotonia and ...
The Correction to this article has been published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2023 49:32
Approximately 85–90% of congenital cytomegalovirus infections (cCMV) are asymptomatic. Few studies have investigated early and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with asymptomatic cCMV (acCMV), ...
The spread of knowledge on the important implications of a diagnosis of genetic disease does not correspond to a sharing of the knowledge and equal rights of children.
Urticarial lesions develop as a result of the activation of mast cells which, through the release of mediators, influence the formation of local inflammatory infiltrates. Changes in the expression of many cyto...
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