Hydranencephaly: cerebral spinal fluid instead of cerebral mantles

Table 1 Differential diagnosis of hydranencephaly with hydrocephalus, holoprosencephaly, porencephaly

	Hydranencephaly	Hydrocephalus	Holoprosencephaly	Porencephaly
Head circumference	Normal or slightly smaller	Larger	Normal	Normal
Midline malformations	Absent	Absent	Present	Absent
Brainstem anomalies	Absent	Absent	Present	Absent
Intact cortical rim	Absent	Present	Present	Present
Dilated third ventricle	Absent	Present only in obstructive forms	Absent	Absent
Angiographic investigation	Bilateral internal carotid artery occlusion (not always)	Normal	Normal	Involvement of middle cerebral artery resulting in localized areas of cortical destruction
Facial malformations	Absent	Absent	Present	Absent
Surgical treatment	Doubt	Useful	Not advisable	Not advisable

ISSN: 1824-7288