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Table 2 Measurements of peripheral and central blood pressure, hemodynamic parameters, and arterial stiffness of the individuals in the sample, according to the evaluation period (pre- and post-pandemic)

From: Impact of social isolation during COVID-19 on anthropometric data, quality of life, baseline physical activity and aortic pulse wave parameters in children and adolescents in two independent samples

Variables

BPG

(n = 89)

APG

(n = 104)

P-value

Peripheral blood pressure

   

SBP (mmHg)

111.7 ± 10.3 (112.0)

111.6 ± 11.5 (110.0)

0.918 W

DBP (mmHg)

69.6 ± 7.3 (70.0)

65.7 ± 9.4 (66.0)

0.002T

MBP (mmHg)

88.7 ± 7.5 (87.0)

86.7 ± 8.7 (87.0)

0.088 W

PP (mmHg)

41.7 ± 9.4 (41.0)

45.9 ± 11.4 (44.0)

0.006 W

Central blood pressure

   

SBP (mmHg)

99.6 ± 8.5 (99.0)

98.2 ± 10.4 (97.0)

0.324 W

DBP (mmHg)

71.3 ± 7.3 (71.0)

67.7 ± 9.4 (68.0)

0.003T

PP (mmHg)

28.4 ± 6.3 (28.0)

30.5 ± 8.4 (29.0)

0.110 W

Haemodynamics

   

SV (ml)

57.2 ± 13.4 (55.4)

52.3 ± 12.9 (50.1)

0.010 W

CO (l/min)

4.4 ± 0.6 (4.3)

4.5 ± 0.7 (4.5)

0.086T

TVR (s*mmHg/ml)

1.24 ± 0.14 (1.23)

1.17 ± 0.16 (1.17)

0.002T

CI (l/min*l/m2)

3.2 ± 0.7 (3.1)

3.3 ± 0.6 (3.1)

0.847 W

HR (bpm)

78.1 ± 12.7 (78.0)

87.2 ± 14.0 (87.0)

< 0.001 W

Arterial Stiffness

AP (mmHg)

PPA

RC (%)

6.7 ± 4.0 (1.2)

1.5 ± 0.2 (1.4)

58.0 ± 10.4 (25.0)

6.1 ± 2.7 (1.2)

1.5 ± 0.2 (1.5)

57.03 ± 10.1(22.0)

0.259 W

0.680 W

0.505 W

AIx@75 (%)

22.2 ± 9.4 (22.0)

27.6 ± 11.4 (28.5)

< 0.001 W

PWV (m/s)

4.5 ± 0.3 (4.5)

4.5 ± 0.4 (4.5)

0.942 W

  1. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (median). Post-pandemic group (APG), pre-pandemic group (BPG), systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP), pulse pressure amplification (PPA), augmentation pressure (AP), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), total vascular resistance (TVR), heart rate (HR), reflection coefficient (RC), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index normalized by 75 bpm (AIx@75).
  2. W: Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test, T:0 Student’s t-test for independent samples