From: Pediatric torticollis: clinical report and predictors of urgency of 1409 cases
Total | Urgent | Non-urgent | p–value |
---|---|---|---|
n = 78 | n = 1331 | ||
Age (years) – median (IQR; 5° − 95°) | 6.9 (5.0; 1.5–13.1) | 5.7 (5.8; 0.5–14.0) | 0.027 |
Males – no. (%) | 47 (60.3) | 621 (46.7) | 0.234 |
Higher priority (code Blue or higher) – no. (%) | 29 (37.7) | 101 (7.6) | < 0.001 |
History of trauma – no. (%) | 32 (41.0) | 362 (27.2) | 0.008 |
Time from onset to referral (days) – median (IQR; 5° – 95° centile) Time from onset to referral (< 24 h) – no. (%) | 3.5 (14.3; 0–60) 23 (29.5) | 0 (1.0; 0–10) 799 (60.0) | < 0.001 < 0.001 |
Clinical presentation – no. (%) - Head deviation - to the right - to the left - Pain - Sore throat - Fever (> 38 °C) - Cervical tumefaction/lymphadenopathy - Headache - Earache - Vomiting - Dizziness/vertigo - Other | 62 (79.5) 24 (38.7) 33 (53.2) 62 (79.5) 13 (16.7) 14 (17.9) 6 (7.7) 9 (11.5) 2 (2.6) 10 (12.8) 4 (5.1) 19 (24.4) | 1117 (83.9) 461 (41.3) 401 (35.9) 1115 (83.7) 212 (15.9) 145 (10.9) 85 (6.3) 63 (4.7) 67 (5.0) 34 (2.6) 15 (1.1) 106 (8.0) | 0.303 0.690 0.006 0.586 0.865 0.157 0.631 0.015 0.584 < 0.001 0.018 < 0.001 |
Laboratory workup - WBC (cells/µl) – median (IQR; 5° – 95°) - Neutrophils (%) – median (IQR; 5° – 95°) - Leukocytosis – no. (%)* - CRP ≥ 0.5 mg/dl – no. (%)* | 9350 (7240; 4010–21,500) 62.0 (21.1; 31.5–88.1) 10 (28.6) 16 (50.0) | 9530 (5030; 5641–18,538) 57.0 (27.6; 21.4 − 83.4) 58 (31.4) 89 (49.7) | 0.789 0.008 0.856 1.000 |
Medical imaging – no. (%) - Radiography with findings - CT scan with findings - Ultrasound with findings - MRI with findings | 75 (96.2) 65 (83.3) 60 (76.9) 37 (47.4) 34 (43.6) 15 (19.2) 7 (9.0) 26 (33.8) 21 (26.9) | 587 (44.1) 110 (8.3) 22 (1.7) 39 (2.9) 8 (0.6) 150 (11.3) 104 (7.8) 369 (27.8) 61 (4.6) | < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.034 0.712 0.256 < 0.001 |
Specialist consultation – no. (%) - Orthopedic - Neurologist - Otolaryngologist - Neurosurgeon - Ophthalmologist - Oncologist - Anesthesiologist - Other | 69 (88.5) 44 (56.4) 18 (23.1) 9 (11.5) 26 (33.3) 11 (14.1) 15 (19.2) 3 (3.8) 11 (14.1) | 290 (21.8) 188 (14.1) 94 (7.1) 40 (3.0) 11 (0.8) 24 (1.8) 1 (0.1) 4 (0.3) 18 (1.4) | < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.005 < 0.001 |
Etiology – no. (%) - Postural - Traumatic - Infective - Neurologic - Oncologic - Congenital - Other | 0 (0) 35 (44.9) 15 (19.2) 8 (10.3) 17(21.8) 0 (0) 3 (3.9) | 607 (45.6) 380 (28.5) 254 (19.1) 38 (2.9) 0 (0) 35 (2.6) 17 (1.3) | < 0.001 0.002 0.974 0.003 < 0.001 0.257 0.118 |
Treatment of torticollis – no. (%) - Ibuprofen - Acetaminophen - Antibiotics - Cervical collar - Surgery – no. (%) | 63 (80.8) 45 (57.7) 4 (5.1) 21 (26.9) 45 (57.7) 18 (23.1) | 1192 (89.6) 1076 (80.8) 107 (8.0) 104 (7.8) 761 (57.2) 0 (0) | 0.016 < 0.001 0.354 < 0.001 0.928 < 0.001 |
- Hospitalization – no. (%) - Hospitalization (days) – median (IQR; 5° − 95°) - Sequelae – no. (%) | 61 (78.2) 7 (11; 1–39) 18 (23.1) | 95 (7.1) 3 (4; 1–12) 11 (0.8) | < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 |