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Table 4 Frequency of smartphone use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

From: Smartphone use and addiction during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: cohort study on 184 Italian children and adolescents

Frequency of smartphone use

Before the pandemic N (%)

During the pandemic N (%)

Time per day

  < 1 h

13 (7.1%)

3 (1.6%)

  ≥ 1 h < 2 h

76 (41.3%)

10 (5.4%)

  ≥ 2 h < 4 h

65 (35.3%)

49 (26.6%)

  ≥ 4 h

30 (16.3%)

122 (66.3%)

Time between wake up and start of use

 5 min

47 (25.5%)

104 (56.5%)

  > 5 min ≤ 30 min

87 (47.3%)

53 (28.8%)

  > 30 min ≤ 60 min

26 (14.1%)

11 (6%)

  > 60 min

24 (13.1%)

16 (8.7%)

Frequency of night utilization

 Never

53 (28.8%)

31 (16.8%)

 Once per week

32 (17.4%)

15 (8.2%)

 Twice per week

43 (23.4%)

35 (19%)

  ≥ 3 times per week

56 (30.4%)

103 (56%)