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Table 4 Maternal health and lifestyle factors associated with delivery of LBW babies, WAU, 2020

From: Determinants of low birth weight deliveries at five referral hospitals in Western Area Urban district, Sierra Leone

Determinants

Cases

n(%)

Controls

n(%)

Crude OR

(95% CI)

P-value

Diabetes

 Diabetic

3 (2.1)

18 (6.2)

0.31 (0.05–1.12)

0.057

 Not Diabetic

143 (97.9)

274 (93.8)

1

 

Hypertension

 Hypertensive

47 (32.2)

28 (9.6)

4.47 (2.57–7.83)

<  0.001*

 Not hypertensive

99 (67.8)

264 (90.4)

1

 

Heart disease

 Heart disease

3 (2.1)

5 (1.7)

1.20 (0.18–6.28)

0.800

 No Heart disease

143 (97.9)

287 (98.3)

1

 

HIV

 Positive

11 (7.5)

7 (2.4)

3.31 (1.14–10.29)

0.010*

 Negative

135 (92.5)

285 (97.6)

1

 

Syphilis

 Positive

31 (21.2)

19 (6.5)

3.87 (2.01–7.55)

<  0.001*

 Negative

115 (78.8)

273 (93.5)

1

 

Malaria

 Positive

106 (72.6)

137 (46.9)

2.99 (1.91–4.73)

<  0.001*

 Negative

40 (27.4)

155 (53.1)

1

 

Iron & folic acid used

  < 3 months

34 (23.3)

23 (7.9)

3.55 (1.92–6.60)

<  0.001*

  ≥ 3 months

112 (76.7)

269 (92.1)

1

 

Alcohol use

 Takes alcohol

17 (11.6)

23 (7.9)

1.54 (0.74–3.13)

0.197

 Does not take

129 (88.4)

269 (92.1)

1

 

Smoking

 Smokes

52 (35.6)

29 (9.9)

5.01 (2.92–8.67)

<  0.001*

 Do not smoke

94 (64.4)

263 (90.1)

1

 

Living with partner that smoked

 Partner smokes

68 (46.6)

80 (27.4)

2.31 (1.49–3.56)

<  0.001*

 Partner does not smoke

78 (53.4)

212 (72.6)

1

 

Herbal intake during pregnancy

 Takes

80 (54.8)

78 (26.7)

3.32 (2.14–5.15)

<  0.001*

 Not take

66 (45.2)

214 (73.3)

1

 
  1. * p-value < 0.05 is statistically significant; AoR (Adjusted odd Ratio)