Table 1 The clinical symptoms and relevant involved vessels of pediatric MPP-associated embolism
Case | Age | Main symptoms | Lung consolidation site | Embolic site | Antibody |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | Fever, Cough | Lower lobe of left lung | Left lower pulmonary artery | ACA(-); ANA(-) |
2 | 5 | Fever, Cough, Shortness of breath | Both lung | Bilateral inferior pulmonary arteries | NA |
3 | 7 | Fever, Cough | Upper lobe of right lung | Right lower pulmonary artery | NA |
4 | 5 | Fever, Cough, Hypoxemia | Both lung | Right lower pulmonary artery, Right ventricle | NA |
5 | 3 | Fever, Cough, Weakness of both lower limbs and Unequal height of shoulders | Both lung | Left pulmonary artery trunk, Left superior and inferior pulmonary artery, Internal jugular vein | ANA(-) |
6 | 8 | Fever, Cough | Lower lobe of left lung | Bilateral inferior pulmonary arteries | ANA(-) |
7 | 8 | Fever, Cough, Neck pain, Shortness of breath, Hypoxemia | Lower lobe of right lung | Left lower pulmonary artery, Right ventricle | NA |
8 | 8 | Fever, Cough, Intermittent sword process pain | Upper lobe of both lung, Lower lobe of left lung | Right lower pulmonary artery | NA |
9 | 9 | Fever, Cough, Hypoxemia, Dyspnea | Lower lobe of both lung | Right inferior pulmonary artery | ANA( +), titer 1:100; cANCA(-); Protein C activity 179.2%(70–140); Protein S activity 59.5%(70–123) |
10 | 7 | Fever, Cough, Occasional left chest pain | Both lung, Lower lobe of right lung, Left lung | Left upper pulmonary artery, Right inferior pulmonary artery | NA |
11 | 7 | Fever, Cough, The muscle tension of the right limb decreased, and the muscle strength was grade 4 | Upper lobe of right lung, Left lung | Left internal carotid artery, Middle cerebral artery | ANA(-) |
12 | 9 | Fever, Cough, Right limb dyskinesia, positive right Babinski sign, positive double heel knee reflex | Left lung, Lower lobe of right lung | Left anterior cerebral artery, Middle cerebral artery deep perforator infarction | NA |
13 | 12 | Fever, Cough, Right lower limb pain, The skin of the right foot bloom Reduced skin temperature, and weakened pulse of the right dorsal foot artery | Both lung | Right lower limb artery embolization (right external iliac artery, right deep femoral artery, right posterior tibial artery), Right ventricle | ACA-Ab IgG27.4CU/ml, ACA-Ab IgM2.7CU/ml; ACA-Ab IgA5.1CU/ml; Protein C activity 110.5%(70–140); Protein S activity 49.5%(70–123) |
14 | 3 | Fever, Cough, Left limb weakness, Dyspnea | Left lung | Brain (right frontotemporal parietal and right basal ganglia), right internal carotid artery, right middle cerebral artery, right anterior cerebral artery | NA |
15 | 9 | Fever, Cough, Left axillary rib pain, shortness of breath, Blood in sputum | Right lung | Right ventricle | ANA( +), titer 1:100 |
16 | 12 | Fever, Cough, Intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting | Left lung | Splenic artery | NA |