Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria, using the PICOS framework
From: The association between vaccine hesitancy and pertussis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
| Â | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|---|---|---|
Population | Infants and children \(\le\) 9 years old; pregnant women worldwide | Children > 9 years old, teenagers, and adults; nonpregnant women |
Intervention | Pertussis-containing vaccines, including aP, DTaP, Tdap, dTaP, DwPT, and DTPw | Other vaccines without pertussis-containing |
Control | Fully-vaccinated children who receive the recommended doses on time; pregnant women receive pertussis-containing vaccines during pregnancy | Fully-vaccinated children but did not receive on time; pregnant women received postpartum vaccination or vaccinated before pregnancy |
Outcome | Primary outcome: Odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) between the fully vaccinated and vaccine hesitancy groups Secondary outcome: Vaccination effectiveness (VE) | Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and hazard ratio (HR) between the fully vaccinated and vaccine hesitancy groups |
Study design | Case–control, cohort, or cross-sectional studies at the population level; case reports about pertussis outbreaks | Non-original studies (eg, reviews, meta-analysis and systematic reviews, guidelines, editorials, commentaries); randomized or non-randomized clinical trials |
Other | Published in English or Chinese | Without vaccine hesitancy status; limited to individual laboratory vaccine effectiveness |