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Table 2 Pertussis OR of vaccine hesitancy among different subgroups

From: The association between vaccine hesitancy and pertussis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Vaccine Population

Variable

No. of studies

Estimated OR and 95% CI

\({I}^{2}\)

All

Vaccine doses

   

all

18 [7,8,9, 23, 40, 44, 46, 47, 49, 50, 52, 53, 56,57,58,59,60]

4.12 (3.09, 5.50)

69%

Study Region

   

North America

5 [23, 44, 49, 52, 53]

2.34 (1.88, 4.30)

53%

South America

2 [8, 60]

5.18 (2.81, 9.55)

0%

Europe

4 [7, 56,57,58]

10.55 (7.30, 15.26)

0%

Australia

2 [9, 59]

3.93 (1.82, 8,49)

0%

Eastern Asia

2 [40, 46, 47]

2.22 (1.68, 2.94)

0%

Western Asia

1 [50]

4.58 (3.21, 6.53)

NA

Children

Vaccine hesitancy status

   

Vaccine hesitant

   

Vaccine doses

   

All

7 [23, 40, 44, 46, 47, 49, 50]

2.85 (2.01, 4.03)

65%

Study Region

   

North America

3 [23, 44, 49]

2.60 (1.19, 5.65)

77%

Eastern Asia

3 [40, 46, 47]

2.22 (1.68, 2.94)

43%

Western Asia

1 [50]

4.58 (3.21, 6.53)

NA

Unvaccinated

   

Vaccine doses

   

1

2 [45, 48]

2.04 (0.76, 5.49)

87%

2

2 [45, 48]

3.79 (2.66, 5.40)

0%

3

2 [45, 48]

7.79 (6.82, 8.90)

6%

4

2 [45, 48]

14.26 (7.62, 26.70)

87%

All

4 [46, 47, 49, 50]

4.04 (3.10, 5.27)

0%

Under-vaccinated

   

Vaccine doses

   

1

4 [23, 40, 44, 45]

2.45 (1.69, 3.54)

29%

2

3 [40, 44, 45]

2.45 (1.52, 3.94)

0%

3

3 [40, 44, 45]

4.78 (2.19, 10.44)

51%

4

2 [40, 44]

8.21 (1.26, 53.49)

61%

All

2 [40, 44]

2.95 (1.61, 5.40)

63%

Number of vaccine dose

   

Dose 1&2&3

2 [23, 40]

3.44 (1.88, 6.29)

78%

Dose 4&5

1 [51]

4.34 (2.17–8.68)

NAa

Dose 4

2 [23, 40]

2.09 (0.74, 5.90)

72%

Dose 5

1 [23]

4.60 (2.59–8.17)

NA

Vaccine delayed

   

Number of vaccine dose

   

All

2 [23, 40]

1.40 (0.62, 3.16)

59%

Dose 4

1 [23]

0.80 (0.48, 1.34)

NA

Dose 5

1 [23]

1.30 (0.48, 3.49)

NA

Pregnant Women

Population age

   

All

10 [7,8,9, 52, 53, 56,57,58,59,60]

5.63 (3.87, 8.18)

53%

\(\le\) 2 months

8 [8, 52, 53, 56,57,58,59,60]

6.05 (4.31, 8.50)

12%

\(\le\) 3 months

4 [7, 9, 53, 57]

5.14 (1.95, 13.52)

80%

  1. aNA Not applicable