Articles

The adolescent with obesity: what perspectives for treatment?

The dramatic increase in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has become a major public health problem. Obesity in children and young adults is associated with an increased prevalence of cardi...

Authors: Antonio Nicolucci and Claudio Maffeis

Effect of nutritional education on anthropometric deficits among pre-school aged children in south West Ethiopia: quasi-experimental study

Under-nutrition is a global problem and one of the most serious public health issues. Globally, 156 million under-five children were stunted, and 50 million were wasted in 2016. Malnutrition among preschool-ag...

Authors: Kebebe Bidira, Dessalegn Tamiru and Tefera Belachew

Eligibility criteria for pediatric patients who may benefit from anti SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody therapy administration: an Italian inter-society consensus statement

The fast diffusion of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have called for an equally rapid evolution of the therapeutic options.

Authors: Marcello Lanari, Elisabetta Venturini, Luca Pierantoni, Giacomo Stera, Guido Castelli Gattinara, Susanna Maria Roberta Esposito, Silvia Favilli, Emilio Franzoni, Eleonora Fusco, Paolo Lionetti, Claudio Maffeis, Gianluigi Marseglia, Laura Massella, Fabio Midulla, Alberto Zanobini, Marco Zecca…

Altered microstructure of the splenium of corpus callosum is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease in preterm infants with significant morbidities, including neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI). This study aimed to investigate whether NEC is associate...

Authors: Jong Ho Cha, Jung-Sun Lim, Yong Hun Jang, Jae Kyoon Hwang, Jae Yoon Na, Jong-Min Lee, Hyun Ju Lee and Ja-Hye Ahn

Intranasal dexmedetomidine and intranasal ketamine association allows shorter induction time for pediatric sedation compared to intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral midazolam

Non-painful diagnostic procedures require an inactive state for a prolonged time, so that sedation is often needed in younger children to perform the procedures. Our standard of care in this setting consists o...

Authors: Francesca Cossovel, Andrea Trombetta, Augusto Ramondo, Guglielmo Riccio, Luca Ronfani, Alessia Saccari, Giorgio Cozzi and Egidio Barbi

Reasons in favour of universal vaccination campaign against COVID-19 in the pediatric population

Despite the growing evidence of the extreme efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in adults and the elderly, the administration of the same prophylactic measures to pediatric subjects is debated by some parents and by...

Authors: Nicola Principi and Susanna Esposito

Infantile idiopathic intracranial hypertension: case report and review of the literature

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is an infrequent condition of childhood, and is extremely rare in infants, with only 26 cases described. The etiology is still unknown. Typical clinical manifestations chan...

Authors: Francesco Del Monte, Laura Bucchino, Antonia Versace, Irene Tardivo, Emanuele Castagno, Giovanni Pieri, Giulia Pilloni, Enrico Felici and Antonio Francesco Urbino

Glycopyrrolate for drooling in children with medical complexity under three years of age

The aim of the study is to determine that Glycopirrolate is safe and effective in decreasing drooling in children with medical complexity under 3 years of age. Medical treatment is based on anticholinergic dru...

Authors: Eleonora Lovardi, Maria Antonietta De Ioris, Donatella Lettori, Caterina Geremia, Susanna Staccioli, Gessica Della Bella, Raffaella Scrocca, Alessia Scarselli, Marcella Aversa, Francesco De Peppo, Andrea Campana and Enrico Castelli

Prevalence of COVID-19 in children affected by allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: results from the second “SIAIP rhinosinusitis and conjunctivitis committee” survey

The role of allergic sensitization seems to be protective against SARS CoV2 infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate, using online surveys, the impact of COVID-19 on Italian allergic children, comparin...

Authors: Giulia Brindisi, Anna Maria Zicari, Giuseppe Fabio Parisi, Lucia Diaferio, Cristiana Indolfi, Giuseppe Marchese, Daniele Giovanni Ghiglioni, Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Angela Klain, Gian Luigi Marseglia and Michele Miraglia Del Giudice

The social role of pediatrics in the past and present times

Pediatrics and society are closely related. This link is as old as the history of Pediatrics, and dates to the second half of the eighteenth century. The vocation of the first European pediatric schools, indee...

Authors: Gregorio Serra, Mario Giuffrè, Ettore Piro and Giovanni Corsello

OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM in Italy: it is time for change

Ophthalmia neonatorum (ON) refers to any conjunctivitis occurring in the first 28 days of life. In the past Neisseria gonorrhoeae was the most common cause of ON. It decreased with the introduction of prophylaxis...

Authors: Cinzia Auriti, Vito Mondì, Salvatore Aversa, Daniele Merazzi, Simona Lozzi, Sergio Petroni, Antonio Baldascino, Luca Massenzi, Roberto Bellù, Stefano Martinelli and Fabio Mosca

Epidemiological and clinical aspects of immunoglobulin A vasculitis in childhood: a retrospective cohort study

A retrospective study was conducted in order to investigate and describe the characteristics of Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), previously known as Henoch-Schӧnlein purpura, in the paediatric population of...

Authors: Breda Luciana, Carbone Ilaria, Casciato Isabella, Cristina Gentile, Eleonora Agata Grasso, Giulia Di Donato, Chiarelli Francesco and Alberto Verrotti

Pediatric focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: favorable transplantation outcome with plasma exchange

Although kidney transplantation (KTX) is the treatment of choice for pediatric end stage kidney disease (ESKD); concerns for recurrence in cases of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are still present. ...

Authors: Fatina I. Fadel, Hafez M. Bazaraa, Mohamed A. Abdel Mawla and Doaa M. Salah

Is the clinical pattern of pediatric celiac disease changing? A thirty-years real-life experience of an Italian center

Clinical presentation of pediatric celiac disease (CD) is heterogeneous and ever-evolving. Our aim is to highlight its changes throughout the years.

Authors: Melissa Pedretti, Francesca Sbravati, Davide Allegri, Flavio Labriola, Virginia Lombardo, Enzo Spisni, Chiara Zarbo and Patrizia Alvisi

Diagnostic challenges of an incidental finding: case report of definitely-congenital glioblastoma multiforme in a very preterm infant

Congenital brain tumors are extremely rare in the neonatal population, and often associated with a poor prognosis. The diagnostic suspicion is often aroused at antenatal scans or postnatally, if clinical signs...

Authors: Silvia Martini, Vittoria Paoletti, Monica Maffei, Mino Zucchelli, Chiara Locatelli, Maximilian Fischer, Viscardo Paolo Fabbri, Maria Pia Foschini, Giovanni Tallini and Luigi Corvaglia

Dietary diversity and associated factors among children (6–23 months) in Gedeo zone, Ethiopia: cross - sectional study

Different foods and food groups are good sources for various macro- and micronutrients. Diversified diet play an important role in both physical and mental growth and development of children. However, meeting ...

Authors: Wondwosen Molla, Dirshaye Argaw Adem, Ruth Tilahun, Seid Shumye, Robel Hussen Kabthymer, Daniel Kebede, Nebiyu Mengistu, Getnet Melaku Ayele and Dawit Getachew Assefa

Developments in pediatrics in 2020: choices in allergy, autoinflammatory disorders, critical care, endocrinology, genetics, infectious diseases, microbiota, neonatology, neurology, nutrition, ortopedics, respiratory tract illnesses and rheumatology

In this article, we describe the advances in the field of pediatrics that have been published in the Italian Journal of Pediatrics in 2020. We report progresses in understanding allergy, autoinflammatory disor...

Authors: Carlo Caffarelli, Francesca Santamaria, Michela Procaccianti, Ettore Piro, Valeria delle Cave, Melissa Borrelli, Angelica Santoro, Federica Grassi, Sergio Bernasconi and Giovanni Corsello

Surveying family access: kangaroo mother care and breastfeeding policies across NICUs in Italy

Studies on the application of developmental care initiatives in Italian NICUs are rather scarce. We aimed to assess parental access to the NICUs and facilities offered to the family members and to test “the st...

Authors: Claudia Artese, Fabrizio Ferrari, Silvia Perugi, Paola Cavicchioli, Giuseppe Paterlini and Fabio Mosca

Pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis: a review for the clinician

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic clinical-pathologic disease characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the esophageal epithelium with esophageal dysfunction symptoms.

Authors: Simona Barni, Stefania Arasi, Carla Mastrorilli, Luca Pecoraro, Mattia Giovannini, Francesca Mori, Lucia Liotti, Francesca Saretta, Riccardo Castagnoli, Lucia Caminiti, Antonella Cianferoni and Elio Novembre

The use of medical cannabis in pediatric palliative care: a case series

Medical cannabis may be a useful tool for managing treatment-resistant epilepsy and chronic pain, which affect many patients in pediatric palliative care (PPC); however, little evidence is available in this se...

Authors: Antuan Divisic, Irene Avagnina, Valentina De Tommasi, Anna Santini, Laura Brogelli, Luca Giacomelli and Franca Benini

Experience in neuromuscular diseases in children and adolescents and their comorbidities in a tertiary hospital

Neuromuscular diseases include a large group of heterogeneous and rare pathologies that affect different components of the motor unit. It is essential to optimize resources to know the prevalence of comorbidit...

Authors: J. A. Gascón-Navarro, M. J. De La Torre-Aguilar, J. A. Fernández-Ramos, J. Torres-Borrego and J. L. Pérez-Navero

In vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report

Citomegalovirus (CMV) infects approximately 1% of live newborns. About 10% of the infants affected by congenital CMV infection are symptomatic at birth and up to 60% of these infants will develop permanent neu...

Authors: Andrea Bianchi, Caterina Coviello, Valentina Leonardi, Michele Luzzati, Stefano Chiti, Daniele Ermini, Vittorio Miele, Enrico Fainardi, Carlo Dani and Elisa Scola

Necrotizing enterocolitis in the preterm: newborns medical and nutritional Management in a Single-Center Study

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a typical disorder of preterm newborns, with a high mortality and morbidity rate. The therapeutic and nutritional management of disease depends on several factors. Its progno...

Authors: Giovanni Savarino, Maurizio Carta, Marcello Cimador, Antonio Corsello, Mario Giuffrè, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Gregorio Serra and Giovanni Corsello

Nasal spray live attenuated influenza vaccine: the first experience in Italy in children and adolescents during the 2020–21 season

In Italy only recently, for the 2020–21 season, has the flu vaccination been extended to all children.

Authors: Chiara Gasparini, Miriam Acunzo, Andrea Biuso, Stefania Roncaglia, Francesca Migliavacca, Catia R. Borriello, Caterina Bertolini, Michaela R. Allen, Annalisa Orenti, Patrizia Boracchi and Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti

Psychoeducation focused on family accommodation: a practical intervention for parents of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is frequently diagnosed in children and adolescents. In pediatric OCD, family plays an important role in the development and maintenance ...

Authors: Francesco Demaria, Maria Pontillo, Maria Cristina Tata, Prisca Gargiullo, Francesco Mancini and Stefano Vicari

The negative effects of new screens on the cognitive functions of young children require new recommendations

Television studies have shown that some negative effects of screens could depend on exposure time, but more importantly on the characteristics of the child, the type of content viewed, and the context in which...

Authors: Osika Eric

Compounded glycopyrrolate is a compelling choice for drooling children: five years of facility experience

Describe the efficacy of a galenic glycopyrrolate formulation and its impact on patients with sialorrhea Quality of Life (QoL), including costs analysis.

Authors: Davide Zanon, Cristina Tumminelli, Anna Maria Chiara Galimberti, Lucio Torelli, Alessandra Maestro, Egidio Barbi and Natalia Maximova

Competitive sport after SARS-CoV-2 infection in children

With the gradual resumption of sports activities after the lock-down period for coronavirus pandemic, a new problem is emerging: Allow all athletes to be able to return to compete after SARS-CoV-2 infection in...

Authors: Giulia Cafiero, Flaminia Passi, Francesca Ippolita Calo’ Carducci, Federica Gentili, Ugo Giordano, Chiara Perri, Melania Hashem Said and Attililo Turchetta

Chronic respiratory diseases other than asthma in children: the COVID-19 tsunami

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects all components of the respiratory system, including the neuromuscular breathing apparatus, conducting and respiratory airways, pulmonary vascular endothelium, and pu...

Authors: Maria Di Cicco, Maria Giulia Tozzi, Vincenzo Ragazzo, Diego Peroni and Ahmad Kantar

The glucose infusion rate of parenteral nutrition in the first week of life in preterm infants: an observational study

Most preterm infants require a continuous glucose infusion in the early postnatal period due to the interruption of the transplacental glucose supply after birth to promote better neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Authors: Dina Angelika, Risa Etika, Martono Tri Utomo, Setya Mirha, Kartika Darma Handayani and I. Dewa Gede Ugrasena

Pediatric emergency department visits during the COVID-19 pandemic: a large retrospective population-based study

COVID-19 pandemic has stretched healthcare system capacities worldwide and deterred people from seeking medical support at Emergency Departments (ED). Nevertheless, population-based studies examining the conse...

Authors: Claudio Barbiellini Amidei, Alessandra Buja, Andrea Bardin, Filippo Bonaldi, Matteo Paganini, Mariagiovanna Manfredi, Andrea Favaro, Vincenzo Baldo, Mario Saia and Liviana Da Dalt

Pediatric eye emergency department activity during the first wave of Covid-19 pandemic

We investigated the volume and the characteristics of pediatric eye emergency department (PEED) consultations performed at our tertiary eye center during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic and we compar...

Authors: Elia Franzolin, Rosa Longo, Elena Gusson, Benjamim Ficial and Giorgio Marchini

Correction to: Linguistic adaptation and psychometric evaluation of Italian version of children’s sleep habits questionnaire

Authors: Melissa Borrelli, Iris Scala, Paola Festa, Dario Bruzzese, Ambrosina Michelotti, Elena Cantone, Adele Corcione, Martina Fragnito, Vincenzo Miranda and Francesca Santamaria

Minimum acceptable diet and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia

The health and growth of children less than two years of age can be affected by the poor quality of complementary foods and poor feeding practices even with optimal breastfeeding. In Ethiopia, empirical eviden...

Authors: Haimanot Abebe, Molla Gashu, Aynalem Kebede, Habtemariam Abata, Alex Yeshaneh, Haile Workye and Daniel Adane

Determinant factors of under-five mortality in Southern Nations, Nationalities and People’s region (SNNPR), Ethiopia

Child mortality is a key indicator of the performance of the health system of a nation. Impressive progress in the reduction of under-five mortality has been made in Ethiopia. However, still there are some reg...

Authors: Gizachew Gobebo

Correction to: Follow-up evaluation of the immunological status of children admitted for acute cerebral nervous system infections: a retrospective study.

Authors: Giulia Spina, Elena Bozzola, Rita Carsetti, Eva Piano Mortari, Cristina Mascolo, Marco Roversi and Alberto Villani

Determinants of low birth weight deliveries at five referral hospitals in Western Area Urban district, Sierra Leone

Low birth weight (LBW) contributes significantly to infant and child mortality. Each year, about 20 1million deliveries are LBW with 96.5% occurring in developing countries. Whiles the incidence of LBW is redu...

Authors: David Kabba Kargbo, Kofi Nyarko, Samuel Sackey, Adolphina Addo-Lartey, Ernest Kenu and Francis Anto

Prevention of recurrent respiratory infections

Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) are a common clinical condition in children, in fact about 25% of children under 1 year and 6% of children during the first 6 years of life have RRIs. In most cases, inf...

Authors: Elena Chiappini, Francesca Santamaria, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Paola Marchisio, Luisa Galli, Renato Cutrera, Maurizio de Martino, Sara Antonini, Paolo Becherucci, Paolo Biasci, Barbara Bortone, Sergio Bottero, Valeria Caldarelli, Fabio Cardinale, Guido Castelli Gattinara, Martina Ciarcià…

Transient central precocious puberty: a new entity among the spectrum of precocious puberty?

Recently, we observed some cases of Precocious Puberty (PP) with a partial central activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis that tended to normalized in 6–12 months. To evaluate the frequency of...

Authors: Valentina Assirelli, Federico Baronio, Rita Ortolano, Giulio Maltoni, Stefano Zucchini, Valeria Di Natale and Alessandra Cassio

The lockdown effects on a pediatric obese population in the COVID-19 era

The social consequences of COVID-19 pandemic are universally known. In particular, the pediatric population is dealing with a radical lifestyle change. For some risk categories, such as overweight or obese chi...

Authors: M. Valenzise, F. D’Amico, U. Cucinotta, C. Lugarà, G. Zirilli, A. Zema, M. Wasniewska and G. B. Pajno

Hyperkinetic stereotyped movements in a boy with biallelic CNTNAP2 variants

Heterozygous variants in CNTNAP2 have been implicated in a wide range of neurological phenotypes, including intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy, autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), and impaired language. However...

Authors: Marcello Scala, Midas Anijs, Roberta Battini, Francesca Madia, Valeria Capra, Paolo Scudieri, Alberto Verrotti, Federico Zara, Carlo Minetti, Sonja C. Vernes and Pasquale Striano

Idiopathic neonatal hemoperitoneum presented as scrotal hematoma: it’s a diagnostic challenge?

Idiopathic hemoperitoneum in the newborn is an entity very rarely encountered in clinical practice.

Authors: Salatto Alessia, Indrio Flavia, Campanella Vittoria, Maggipinto Cosetta, Cocomazzi Raffaella, Canale Francesco, Nobili Maria, Maffei Gianfranco and Bartoli Fabio

Breastfeeding technique and associated factors among lactating mothers visiting Gondar town health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: observational method

The breastfeeding technique is explained positioning, attachment, and suckling during breastfeeding. Ineffective breast feeding technique is one of the factors leading to premature discontinuation of breastfee...

Authors: Boko Loka Safayi, Nega Tezera Assimamaw and Destaye Guadie Kassie

Under-nutrition and associated factors among children on ART in Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study

Malnutrition is very common in HIV-infected individuals. Even though data from different settings are necessary to tackle it, pieces of evidence are limited especially in the case of the nutritional status of ...

Authors: Chalie Marew Tiruneh, Belete Gelaw Walle, Tigabu Desie Emiru, Nigusie Selomon Tibebu, Moges Wubneh Abate, Adane Birhanu Nigat, Amsalu Belete, Eyasu Alem, Tadele Lankrew and Kirubel Eshetu

Congenital hemophilia A with low activity of factor XII: a case report and literature review

Congenital hemophilia A is a recessive inherited hemorrhagic disorder. According to the activity of functional coagulation factors, the severity of hemophilia A is divided into three levels: mild, moderate and...

Authors: Baoyu Lei, Chuang Liang and Haiyan Feng

Distance learning, technological devices, lifestyle and behavior of children and their family during the COVID-19 lockdown in Lombardy: a survey

The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent national lockdowns, school closures and distance learning may have had both negative and positive effects on physical and mental health of children.

Authors: Marina Picca, Paola Manzoni, Gregorio Paolo Milani, Susanna Mantovani, Claudio Cravidi, Danila Mariani, Angela Mezzopane, Roberto Marinello, Chiara Bove, Paolo Ferri, Marina Macchi and Carlo Agostoni

Association of exposure to hydrocarbon air pollution with the incidence of atopic dermatitis in children

There is growing evidence suggesting that air pollution may act as an important environmental risk factor in the development and aggravation of childhood atopic dermatitis (AD).

Authors: Chieh Wang, Chang-Ching Wei, Lei Wan, Cheng-Li Lin and Jeng-Dau Tsai

Management of asymptomatic hypoglycemia with 40% oral dextrose gel in near term at-risk infants to reduce intensive care need and promote breastfeeding

Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common disorder especially in at-risk infants and it can be associated with poor long-term neurological outcomes. Several therapeutic interventions are suggested, from the implementa...

Authors: Fabio Meneghin, Martina Manzalini, Miriam Acunzo, Irene Daniele, Petrina Bastrenta, Francesca Castoldi, Francesco Cavigioli, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti and Gianluca Lista

Hemoglobin life-threatening value (1.9 g/dl) in good general condition: a pediatric case-report

We report a pediatric patient presenting in good general condition despite a hemoglobin value of 1,9 g/dL, which is normally regarded as life-threatening.

Authors: Emilia Parodi, Lorenzo Riboldi and Ugo Ramenghi

Treatment of children with COVID-19: update of the Italian Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases position paper

Authors: Elisabetta Venturini, Carlotta Montagnani, Silvia Garazzino, Daniele Donà, Luca Pierantoni, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Andrzej Krzysztofiak, Giangiacomo Nicolini, Sonia Bianchini, Luisa Galli, Alberto Villani and Guido Castelli Gattinara