Articles

The lockdown effects on a pediatric obese population in the COVID-19 era

The social consequences of COVID-19 pandemic are universally known. In particular, the pediatric population is dealing with a radical lifestyle change. For some risk categories, such as overweight or obese chi...

Authors: M. Valenzise, F. D’Amico, U. Cucinotta, C. Lugarà, G. Zirilli, A. Zema, M. Wasniewska and G. B. Pajno

Hyperkinetic stereotyped movements in a boy with biallelic CNTNAP2 variants

Heterozygous variants in CNTNAP2 have been implicated in a wide range of neurological phenotypes, including intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy, autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), and impaired language. However...

Authors: Marcello Scala, Midas Anijs, Roberta Battini, Francesca Madia, Valeria Capra, Paolo Scudieri, Alberto Verrotti, Federico Zara, Carlo Minetti, Sonja C. Vernes and Pasquale Striano

Idiopathic neonatal hemoperitoneum presented as scrotal hematoma: it’s a diagnostic challenge?

Idiopathic hemoperitoneum in the newborn is an entity very rarely encountered in clinical practice.

Authors: Salatto Alessia, Indrio Flavia, Campanella Vittoria, Maggipinto Cosetta, Cocomazzi Raffaella, Canale Francesco, Nobili Maria, Maffei Gianfranco and Bartoli Fabio

Breastfeeding technique and associated factors among lactating mothers visiting Gondar town health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia: observational method

The breastfeeding technique is explained positioning, attachment, and suckling during breastfeeding. Ineffective breast feeding technique is one of the factors leading to premature discontinuation of breastfee...

Authors: Boko Loka Safayi, Nega Tezera Assimamaw and Destaye Guadie Kassie

Under-nutrition and associated factors among children on ART in Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study

Malnutrition is very common in HIV-infected individuals. Even though data from different settings are necessary to tackle it, pieces of evidence are limited especially in the case of the nutritional status of ...

Authors: Chalie Marew Tiruneh, Belete Gelaw Walle, Tigabu Desie Emiru, Nigusie Selomon Tibebu, Moges Wubneh Abate, Adane Birhanu Nigat, Amsalu Belete, Eyasu Alem, Tadele Lankrew and Kirubel Eshetu

Congenital hemophilia A with low activity of factor XII: a case report and literature review

Congenital hemophilia A is a recessive inherited hemorrhagic disorder. According to the activity of functional coagulation factors, the severity of hemophilia A is divided into three levels: mild, moderate and...

Authors: Baoyu Lei, Chuang Liang and Haiyan Feng

Distance learning, technological devices, lifestyle and behavior of children and their family during the COVID-19 lockdown in Lombardy: a survey

The COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent national lockdowns, school closures and distance learning may have had both negative and positive effects on physical and mental health of children.

Authors: Marina Picca, Paola Manzoni, Gregorio Paolo Milani, Susanna Mantovani, Claudio Cravidi, Danila Mariani, Angela Mezzopane, Roberto Marinello, Chiara Bove, Paolo Ferri, Marina Macchi and Carlo Agostoni

Association of exposure to hydrocarbon air pollution with the incidence of atopic dermatitis in children

There is growing evidence suggesting that air pollution may act as an important environmental risk factor in the development and aggravation of childhood atopic dermatitis (AD).

Authors: Chieh Wang, Chang-Ching Wei, Lei Wan, Cheng-Li Lin and Jeng-Dau Tsai

Management of asymptomatic hypoglycemia with 40% oral dextrose gel in near term at-risk infants to reduce intensive care need and promote breastfeeding

Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common disorder especially in at-risk infants and it can be associated with poor long-term neurological outcomes. Several therapeutic interventions are suggested, from the implementa...

Authors: Fabio Meneghin, Martina Manzalini, Miriam Acunzo, Irene Daniele, Petrina Bastrenta, Francesca Castoldi, Francesco Cavigioli, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti and Gianluca Lista

Hemoglobin life-threatening value (1.9 g/dl) in good general condition: a pediatric case-report

We report a pediatric patient presenting in good general condition despite a hemoglobin value of 1,9 g/dL, which is normally regarded as life-threatening.

Authors: Emilia Parodi, Lorenzo Riboldi and Ugo Ramenghi

Treatment of children with COVID-19: update of the Italian Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases position paper

Authors: Elisabetta Venturini, Carlotta Montagnani, Silvia Garazzino, Daniele Donà, Luca Pierantoni, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Andrzej Krzysztofiak, Giangiacomo Nicolini, Sonia Bianchini, Luisa Galli, Alberto Villani and Guido Castelli Gattinara

Epidemiology and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children in Italy

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading global cause of respiratory infections in infants and the second most frequent cause of death during the first year of life. This highly contagious seasonal vir...

Authors: Chiara Azzari, Eugenio Baraldi, Paolo Bonanni, Elena Bozzola, Alessandra Coscia, Marcello Lanari, Paolo Manzoni, Teresa Mazzone, Fabrizio Sandri, Giovanni Checcucci Lisi, Salvatore Parisi, Giorgio Piacentini and Fabio Mosca

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infant newborns of diabetic mother: a heterogeneous condition, the importance of anamnesis, physical examination and follow-up

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in neonates is a rare and heterogeneous disorder. HCM accounts for 25 to 40% of all pediatric cardiomyopathy cases and the highest incidence in pediatric population is reporte...

Authors: Alessia Claudia Codazzi, Rosario Ippolito, Cecilia Novara, Enrico Tondina, Rosa Maria Cerbo and Chryssoula Tzialla

Novel missense mutation of the TP63 gene in a newborn with Hay-Wells/Ankyloblepharon-Ectodermal defects-Cleft lip/palate (AEC) syndrome: clinical report and follow-up

Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate (AEC) syndrome, also known as Hay-Wells syndrome, is a rare genetic syndrome with ectodermal dysplasia. About 100 patients have been reported to date. It is ...

Authors: Gregorio Serra, Vincenzo Antona, Mario Giuffré, Federica Li Pomi, Lucia Lo Scalzo, Ettore Piro, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz and Giovanni Corsello

Long term treatment with omalizumab in adolescent with refractory solar urticaria

Solar urticaria represents an uncomfortable form of chronic inducible urticaria. First and second-line treatments are ineffective in some patients, leading to an impairment in their quality of life. Omalizumab...

Authors: Mauro Iannelli, Stefano Passanisi, Giuseppe Crisafulli, Stefania Arasi, Lucia Caminiti, Giuseppina Zirilli and Giovanni B. Pajno

A new scoring system and clinical algorithm for the management of suspected foreign body aspiration in children: a retrospective cohort study

Cases of foreign body aspiration in children may be encountered in emergency departments. A suggestive history is important in diagnosing aspirated foreign body owing to the difficulty in making a diagnosis on...

Authors: Nader A. Fasseeh, Osama A. Elagamy, Alaa H. Gaafar, Heba M. Reyad, Mohamed S. Abougabal, Doaa A. Heiba and Ahmad Kantar

Reasons for SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and their role in the transmission of infection according to age: a case-control study

The locations where children get exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection and their contribution in spreading the infection are still not fully understood. Aim of the article is to verify the most frequent reasons for ...

Authors: Mauro Calvani, Giulia Cantiello, Maria Cavani, Eleonora Lacorte, Bruno Mariani, Valentina Panetta, Pasquale Parisi, Gabriella Parisi, Federica Roccabella, Paola Silvestri and Nicola Vanacore

Correction to: Novel mutation in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A detected through newborn screening for a presymptomatic case in China: a case report

Authors: Yi Gan, Fei Yu and Haining Fang

Are we sure that the neurological impact of COVID 19 in childhood has not been underestimated?

Presently, it is known that, even if less frequently than in adults, children can develop a severe new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Children with the SARS-CoV-2 infection can have neurological signs an...

Authors: Nicola Principi and Susanna Esposito

In-hospital and web-based intervention to counteract vaccine hesitancy in very preterm infants’ families: a NICU experience

Vaccine hesitancy is a global problem, carrying significant health risks for extremely vulnerable population as that of preterm infants. Social media are emerging as significant tools for public health promoti...

Authors: Antonio Di Mauro, Federica Di Mauro, Chiara Greco, Orazio Valerio Giannico, Francesca Maria Grosso, Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre, Manuela Capozza, Federico Schettini, Pasquale Stefanizzi and Nicola Laforgia

Balloon dilation and rapid maxillary expansion: a novel combination treatment for congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis in an infant

Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) is a rare condition that may occur alone or as part of a multi-formative syndrome. Management remains difficult. There is no specific treatment protocol. Tra...

Authors: Emanuela Sitzia, Sara Santarsiero, Filippo Maria Tucci, Giovanni De Vincentiis, Angela Galeotti and Paola Festa

15q26 deletion in a patient with congenital heart defect, growth restriction and intellectual disability: case report and literature review

15q26 deletion is a relatively rare chromosomal disorder, and it is described only in few cases. Patients with this aberration show many signs and symptoms, particularly pre- and postnatal growth restriction, ...

Authors: Yahya Benbouchta, Nicole De Leeuw, Saadia Amasdl, Aziza Sbiti, Dominique Smeets, Khalid Sadki and Abdelaziz Sefiani

High levels of unbound bilirubin are associated with acute bilirubin encephalopathy in post-exchange transfusion neonates

Although it is known that unbound bilirubin can enter the brain, there is little evidence of its association with the development of acute bilirubin encephalopathy. Here, we investigated this potential relatio...

Authors: Yiyi Ding, Shuo Wang, Rui Guo, Aizhen Zhang and Yufang Zhu

Incidence and predictors of mortality among neonates referred to comprehensive and specialized hospitals in Amhara regional state, North Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study

Neonatal mortality is a major global public health problem. Ethiopia is among seven countries that comprise 50 % of global neonatal mortality. Evidence on neonatal mortality in referred neonates is essential f...

Authors: Alex Yeshaneh, Bizuayehu Tadele, Bogale Dessalew, Mulunesh Alemayehu, Awraris Wolde, Addisu Adane, Solomon Shitu, Haimanot Abebe and Daniel Adane

Correction to: Incidental finding of APC deletion in a child: double trouble or double chance? – a case report

Authors: Erica Rosina, Berardo Rinaldi, Rosamaria Silipigni, Luca Bergamaschi, Giovanna Gattuso, Stefano Signoroni, Silvana Guerneri, Alessandra Carnevali, Paola Giovanna Marchisio and Donatella Milani

Analysis of risk and prognostic factors in a population of pediatric patients hospitalized for acute malnutrition at the Chiulo hospital, Angola

Malnutrition is a multifactorial pathology in which genetic, epigenetic, cultural, environmental, socio-economic factors interact with each other. The impact that this disease has on the health of children wor...

Authors: Federica Maria Tripoli, Salvatore Accomando, Simona La Placa, Andrea Pietravalle, Giovanni Putoto, Giovanni Corsello and Mario Giuffrè

Pediatric health care professionals’ vaccine knowledge, awareness and attitude: a survey within the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

Physicians play a key role in driving vaccine acceptance and their recommendations are crucial to address vaccine hesitancy. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge, awareness and attitude of Italian Pedi...

Authors: Elisabetta Del Duca, Loredana Chini, Simona Graziani, Mayla Sgrulletti and Viviana Moschese

Surgical site infection after delayed sternal closure in neonates with congenital heart disease: retrospective case-control study

To determine the prevalence of surgical site infections (SSIs) in neonatal congenital heart disease patients undergoing delayed sternal closure (DSC) and evaluate risk factors for SSI.

Authors: Yuzhong Yang, Jie Wang, Lina Cai, Wei Peng and Xuming Mo

Peripheral nervous system manifestations of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli-induced haemolytic uremic syndrome in children

The Neurological involvement is the most common extra-renal complication of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli-hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) or typical HUS. On brain magnetic resonance examination, main neurological...

Authors: Luisa Santangelo, Giuseppe Stefano Netti, Diletta Domenica Torres, Giovanni Piscopo, Vincenza Carbone, Luciana Losito, Leonardo Milella, Maria Luigia Lasorella, Pasquale Conti, Delio Gagliardi, Maria Chironna, Federica Spadaccino, Elena Bresin, Antonio Trabacca, Elena Ranieri and Mario Giordano

Delayed pubarche

In healthy adolescents, delayed pubarche is generally a benign condition that is caused by a physiological discrepancy between gonadarche and adrenarche. In presence of other clinical signs and symptoms, delay...

Authors: Francesco Baldo, Egidio Barbi and Gianluca Tornese

Italian consensus on the therapeutic management of uncomplicated acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children

Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHOM) is an insidious infection of the bone that more frequently affects young males. The etiology, mainly bacterial, is often related to the patient’s age, but it is frequent...

Authors: Andrzej Krzysztofiak, Elena Chiappini, Elisabetta Venturini, Livia Gargiullo, Marco Roversi, Carlotta Montagnani, Elena Bozzola, Sara Chiurchiu, Davide Vecchio, Elio Castagnola, Paolo Tomà, Gian Maria Rossolini, Renato Maria Toniolo, Susanna Esposito, Marco Cirillo, Fabio Cardinale…

IL-23/Th17 pathway and IL-17A gene polymorphism in Egyptian children with immune thrombocbytopenic purpura

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired complex autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Uncontrolled cellular immune response is one of the key triggers for the loss of immune tolerance in ITP patients. The ...

Authors: Ahlam M. Ismail, Aliaa M. Higazi, Hanan M. Nomeir and Naglaa M. Farag

Clinical features of pediatric post-acute COVID-19: a descriptive retrospective follow-up study

To date, information on COVID-19 long-term post-recovery sequelae in children and adolescents remains scarce. A retrospective descriptive cohort study was performed by collecting data on 92 patients (age ≤ 18 ...

Authors: Liene Smane, Ieva Roge, Zanda Pucuka and Jana Pavare

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in parents of children with type 1 diabetes during Covid-19 pandemic

The Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a group of persistent psychological and physiological symptoms due to a traumatic, severe, event. Only few studies focused on the effects of Covid-19 on psychosocia...

Authors: C. Carducci, N. Rapini, A. Deodati, V. Pampanini, S. Cianfarani and R. Schiaffini

Dietary treatment of congenital chylothorax with skimmed breast milk

Congenital chylothorax (CC) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition in newborns. It is defined as an accumulation of chyle in the pleural cavity. The few publications regarding medical management ...

Authors: Michaela Höck, Alexander Höller, Marlene Hammerl, Karina Wechselberger, Jakob Krösslhuber, Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Sabine Scholl-Bürgi and Daniela Karall

Water, sanitation, and hygiene as a priority intervention for stunting in under-five children in northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

Stunting was a significant public health problem for under-five in developing countries including Ethiopia. Globally, it was estimated 21.9% or 149 million (81.7 million in Asia and 58.8 million in Africa) und...

Authors: Ayechew Ademas, Metadel Adane, Awoke Keleb, Gete Berihun and Getu Tesfaw

The exacerbated prevalence of acute malnutrition and growth retardation in Roma children living in camps

Child malnutrition is still a concern in marginalized groups of populations, such as immigrants living in very low socio-economic conditions. Roma children are within the most hard-to-reach populations, suscep...

Authors: Rosaria Giampaolo, Rosaria Marotta, Francesco Saverio Biagiarelli, Antonella Zampa, Stefania Moramarco and Ersilia Buonomo

Magnitude of anemia and associated factors among children aged 6–59 months at Debre Markos referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study

Anemia, the most common micro-nutrient deficiency disorder, is the world’s second leading cause of morbidity and morbidity, affecting 24.8% of the population, of which 47.4% are under-five children. The preval...

Authors: Yoseph Merkeb Alamneh, Tadesse Yirga Akalu, Abtie Abebaw Shiferaw and Aytenew Atnaf

Social media use to improve communication on children and adolescent’s health: the role of the Italian Paediatric Society influencers

Fake news on children’s and adolescent health are spreading. Internet availability and decreasing costs of media devices are contributing to an easy access to technology by families. Public health organization...

Authors: Elena Bozzola, Anna Maria Staiano, Giulia Spina, Nicola Zamperini, Francesco Marino, Marco Roversi and Giovanni Corsello

Linguistic adaptation and psychometric evaluation of Italian version of children’s sleep habits questionnaire

The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) is a parent-report questionnaire used to examine sleep behavior in children. Linguistic adaptation of CSHQ into several languages and/or psychometric analysis o...

Authors: Melissa Borrelli, Iris Scala, Paola Festa, Dario Bruzzese, Ambrosina Michelotti, Elena Cantone, Adele Corcione, Martina Fragnito, Vincenzo Miranda and Francesca Santamaria

Antibiotic-resistant profile and the factors affecting the intravenous antibiotic treatment course of generalized Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome: a retrospective study

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) is caused by a special type of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) which can produce exfoliative toxins. The generalized SSSS is recommended to be admitted and treated wit...

Authors: Tao Yang, Jiangyi Wang, Junya Cao, Xinyue Zhang, Yun Lai, Longnian Li, Xiaoying Ye and Cong You

Hypertonic saline in people with cystic fibrosis: review of comparative studies and clinical practice

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disorder, caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. These cause a reduced secretion of chloride, a marked absorption of sodium and, th...

Authors: Vito Terlizzi, Eleonora Masi, Michela Francalanci, Giovanni Taccetti and Diletta Innocenti

Optimizing gentamicin dosing in different pediatric age groups using population pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo simulation

The use of once daily dosing of aminoglycosides in pediatrics is increasing but studies on dose optimization targeting the pediatric population are limited. This study aimed to derive a population pharmacokine...

Authors: Ragia H. Ghoneim, Abrar K. Thabit, Manar O. Lashkar and Ahmed S. Ali

Exclusive breastfeeding lowers the odds of childhood diarrhea and other medical conditions: evidence from the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey

Lack of exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of infant life contributes to childhood morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the association of exclusive breastfeeding and childho...

Authors: Tesfahun Mulatu, Nigus Bililign Yimer, Birhan Alemnew, Melese Linger and Misgan Legesse Liben

Detection of endocrine disorders in young children with multi-transfused thalassemia major

Beta thalassemia major (TM) is the most common inherited genetic disorder worldwide. Patients are at risk of iron overload, which leads to various forms of tissue damage, including endocrinopathies. The aim of...

Authors: Ramadan A. Mahmoud, Ashraf Khodeary and Marwa S. Farhan

Normative data for handgrip strength in Iranian healthy children and adolescents aged 7–18 years: comparison with international norms

Grip strength is an essential component of physical fitness. The objective of this study was to develop normative handgrip strength data for Iranian healthy boys and girls comparing their handgrip strength wit...

Authors: Sajjad Rostamzadeh, Mahnaz Saremi, Alireza Abouhossein, Shahram Vosoughi and Johan F. M. Molenbroek

Disease burden and quality of life in children with sickle cell disease in Italy: time to be considered a priority

The objective of the present article is to highlight the need for attention to Quality of Life of patients with Sickle Cell Disease living in Italy. The transformation of sickle cell disease from a severe life...

Authors: Raffaella Colombatti, Maddalena Casale and Giovanna Russo

TLR2 deficiency promotes IgE and inhibits IgG1 class-switching following ovalbumin sensitization

To explore the roles of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 in Th2 cytokine production and immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching following ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization.

Authors: Yuqin Li, Qiu Chen, Wei Ji, Yujie Fan, Li Huang, Chu Chu and Weifang Zhou

Severe stunting and its associated factors among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia; multilevel ordinal logistic regression model

In Ethiopia, stunting is the most common form of undernutriton. Identifying the determinants of severe stunting among children is crucial for public health interventions to improve child health. Therefore, thi...

Authors: Amare Muche and Reta Dewau

Whole-exome sequencing reveals POLR3B variants associated with progeria-related Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome

Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome (WRS) is a rare autosomal recessive neonatal progeroid disorder characterized by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, short stature, a progeroid appearance, hypotonia, an...

Authors: Shao-Wen Wu, Lin Li, Fan Feng, Li Wang, Yuan-Yuan Kong, Xiao-Wei Liu and Chenghong Yin