Endocrinology

Hydrocortisone malabsorption due to polyethylene glycols (Macrogol 3350) in a girl with congenital adrenal insufficiency

Primary adrenal insufficiency is relatively rare in children and, if unrecognized, may present with cardiovascular collapse, making it a potentially life-threatening entity.

Authors: Stefano Stagi, Paolo Del Greco, Franco Ricci, Chiara Iurato, Giovanni Poggi, Salvatore Seminara and Maurizio de Martino

Development and validation of serum bilirubin nomogram to predict the absence of risk for severe hyperbilirubinaemia before discharge: a prospective, multicenter study

Early discharge of healthy late preterm and full term newborn infants has become common practice because of the current social and economic necessities. Severe jaundice, and even kernicterus, has developed in ...

Authors: Costantino Romagnoli, Eloisa Tiberi, Giovanni Barone, Mario De Curtis, Daniela Regoli, Piermichele Paolillo, Simonetta Picone, Stefano Anania, Maurizio Finocchi, Valentina Cardiello, Lucia Giordano, Valentina Paolucci and Enrico Zecca

Obesity and craniopharyngioma

An epidemic of pediatric obesity has occurred across the world in recent years. There are subgroups within the population at high-risk of becoming obese and especially of having experience of precocious cardio...

Authors: Lorenzo Iughetti and Patrizia Bruzzi

The use of ultrasound in clinical setting for children affected by NAFLD: is it safe and accurate?

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become over the last decade the most common form of chronic liver disease in children and adults. Thus, establishing the diagnosis of NAFLD is of utmost importance...

Authors: Valerio Nobili, Claudia Della Corte, Lidia Monti, Anna Alisi and Ariel Feldstein

Obesity modulate serum hepcidin and treatment outcome of iron deficiency anemia in children: A case control study

Recently, hepcidin expression in adipose tissue has been described and shown to be increased in patients with severe obesity. We tried to assess the effect of obesity on hepcidin serum levels and treatment out...

Authors: Mohammed Sanad, Mohammed Osman and Amal Gharib

Pituitary hyperplasia secondary to acquired hypothyroidism: case report

despite recent progress in imaging, it is still difficult to distinguish between pituitary adenoma and hyperplasia, even using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with gadolinium injection. We describe an example...

Authors: Roberto Franceschi, Umberto Rozzanigo, Riccarda Failo, Maria Bellizzi and Annunziata Di Palma

Clinical evaluation of the function of hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis in children with central nervous system infections

It is well known that certain non-thyroidal critical illness may lead to euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS). There are little reports about the change of thyroid hormone in the children's central nervous system (CNS...

Authors: Fuyong Jiao, Xiaoyan Zhang, Taomin Bai, Jing Lin, Wei Cui and Bingweng Liu

Relationship between severe obesity and gut inflammation in children: what's next?

Preliminary evidence suggests an association between obesity and gut inflammation.

Authors: Maria Immacolata Spagnuolo, Maria Pia Cicalese, Maria Angela Caiazzo, Adriana Franzese, Veronica Squeglia, Luca Rosario Assante, Giuliana Valerio, Rossella Merone and Alfredo Guarino

"Mi voglio bene": a pediatrician-based randomized controlled trial for the prevention of obesity in Italian preschool children

The first years of life are crucial to start preventive interventions that can have an impact on lifestyle and later overweight and obesity. Under the Italian National Health System (INHS), children are cared ...

Authors: Paolo Brambilla, Giorgio Bedogni, Carmen Buongiovanni, Guido Brusoni, Giuseppe Di Mauro, Mario Di Pietro, Marco Giussani, Manuel Gnecchi, Lorenzo Iughetti, Paola Manzoni, Maura Sticco and Sergio Bernasconi

Relationship between rickets and incomplete distal renal tubular acidosis in children

In the Sub Saharan Africa Rickets has now been established to be due primarily to calcium deficiency and sometimes in combination with vitamin D deficiency. The main thrust of management is calcium supplementa...

Authors: Abiola O Oduwole, Olayiwola S Giwa and Rasheed A Arogundade

Excessive recreational computer use and food consumption behaviour among adolescents

Using the 2005 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) data, we explore the association between excessive recreational computer use and specific food consumption behavior among California's adolescents aged ...

Authors: Lu Shi and Yuping Mao

Chromosome 16p11.2 deletions: another piece in the genetic puzzle of childhood obesity

Ipercaloric diet and reduced physical activity have driven the rise in the prevalence of childhood obesity over a relatively short time interval. Family and twin studies have led to the conclusion that the str...

Authors: Laura Perrone, Pierluigi Marzuillo, Anna Grandone and Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice

Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver: an unusual association with diabetes mellitus in a child and review of literature

Hepatic hemangioma, adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia are the most frequent benign lesions of the liver, but they are all infrequent among pediatric population. The reports of focal nodular hyperplasia in ...

Authors: Piero Farruggia, Rita Alaggio, Francesca Cardella, Serena Tropia, Antonino Trizzino, Francesca Ferrara and Paolo D'Angelo

Role of adiponectin and leptin on body development in infants during the first year of life

The control of growth and nutritional status in the foetus and neonate is a complex mechanism, in which also hormones produced by adipose tissue, such as adiponectin and leptin are involved. The aim of this st...

Authors: Elena Bozzola, Cristina Meazza, Marica Arvigo, Paola Travaglino, Sara Pagani, Mauro Stronati, Antonella Gasparoni, Carolina Bianco and Mauro Bozzola

Newborn of mothers affected by autoimmune thyroiditis: the importance of thyroid function monitoring in the first months of life

evaluation of thyroid function in neonates born from mothers affected by autoimmune thyroiditis in order to define if a precise follow-up is necessary for these children. The influence of maternal thyroid pero...

Authors: Rosanna Rovelli, Maria Cristina Vigone, Chiara Giovanettoni, Arianna Passoni, Ludovica Maina, Andrea Corrias, Carlo Corbetta, Fabio Mosca, Giuseppe Chiumello and Giovanna Weber

Obituary of Dr. Angelo Di George

Authors: Luigi Tarani, Maria C Digilio, Bruno Dallapiccola, Donna M Mc Donald-McGinn and Bruno Marino

Drugs of abuse and the adolescent athlete

Doping with endocrine drugs is quite prevalent in amateur and professional athletes. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has a list of banned drugs for athletes who compete and a strategy to detect such drugs....

Authors: Alan D Rogol

At the end of a two-year follow-up elevated TSH levels normalize or remain unchanged in most the children with subclinical hypothyroidism

Data about the natural evolution of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) in pediatric age are very scanty. Moreover all the available reports in both aged and young patients were based on unselected study populatio...

Authors: Filippo De Luca, Malgorzata Wasniewska, Giuseppina Zirilli, Tommaso Aversa and Teresa Arrigo

Toxic environment and obesity pandemia: Is there a relationship?

Obesity is a multi-factorial disease, resulting from genes, environment and behaviour interactions, and represents the most common metabolic disorder in the Western Hemisphere. Its prevalence has dramatically ...

Authors: Giuseppe Latini, Francesco Gallo and Lorenzo Iughetti