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Neurology, Behaviour and Development

This section considers studies on neurological, psychiatric, behavioral and developmental disorders in children and adolescents.

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  1. The lives of many children and adolescents are today increasingly influenced by new technological devices, including smartphones. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic occurred in a time of outstand...

    Authors: Gregorio Serra, Lucia Lo Scalzo, Mario Giuffrè, Pietro Ferrara and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:150

    Content type: Research

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  2. Eating epilepsy (EE) is a form of reflex epilepsy in which seizures are triggered by eating. It is a rare condition but a high prevalence has been reported in Sri Lanka. In EE, the ictal semiology includes foc...

    Authors: Fabiana Vercellino, Laura Siri, Giacomo Brisca, Marcello Scala, Antonella Riva, Mariasavina Severino and Pasquale Striano

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:137

    Content type: Case report

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  3. Measures to contain the Covid-19 pandemic led to significant lifestyle changes for children and adolescents mainly related to the closure of schools and recreational activities, reduced social interaction, and...

    Authors: Arianna Dondi, Anna Fetta, Jacopo Lenzi, Francesca Morigi, Egidio Candela, Alessandro Rocca, Duccio Maria Cordelli and Marcello Lanari

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:130

    Content type: Research

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  5. To describe clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, radiological data and outcome of pediatric cases with SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by neurological involvement.

    Authors: L. Siracusa, A. Cascio, S. Giordano, A. A. Medaglia, G. A. Restivo, I. Pirrone, G. F. Saia, F. Collura and C. Colomba

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:123

    Content type: Review

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  6. Stunting is a critical public health problem of developing countries like Ethiopia. Different interventions like irrigation activity have been carried out by the government of Ethiopia to improve the nutrition...

    Authors: Balew Sema, Muluken Azage and Mulat Tirfie

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:102

    Content type: Research

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  7. Several studies have shown that during COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, emotional symptoms increased in the general population. Less is known about youths.

    Authors: Simone Pisano, Gennaro Catone, Antonella Gritti, Luisa Almerico, Anna Pezzella, Pia Santangelo, Carmela Bravaccio, Raffaella Iuliano and Vincenzo Paolo Senese

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:86

    Content type: Research

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  8. Autism spectrum disorder is a complex condition with wide variation in type and severity that involves persistent challenges in social interaction, speech and nonverbal communication, restricted/repetitive beh...

    Authors: Magda Di Renzo, Federico Bianchi di Castelbianco, Villani Alberto, Del Vecchio Antonio, Corsello Giovanni, Elena Vanadia, Massimiliano Petrillo, Trapolino Davide, Lidia Racinaro and Monica Rea

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:67

    Content type: Research

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  9. Potential overlaps exist between psychopathological features of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The impact of malnutrition on autistic traits in patients with AN should be considered....

    Authors: Jacopo Pruccoli, Altea Solari, Letizia Terenzi, Elisabetta Malaspina, Marida Angotti, Veronica Pignataro, Paola Gualandi, Leonardo Sacrato, Duccio Maria Cordelli, Emilio Franzoni and Antonia Parmeggiani

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:59

    Content type: Research

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  10. Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), also known as 22q13.3 deletion syndrome, is a rare neurodevelopmental syndrome resulting from a deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 22.

    Authors: Rui Jin Xie, Tian Xiao Li, Chenyu Sun, Ce Cheng, Jinlin Zhao, Hua Xu and Yueying Liu

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:49

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:89

  11. Positional plagiocephaly (PP) is a cranial deformation frequent amongst children and consisting in a flattened and asymmetrical head shape. PP is associated with excessive time in supine and with congenital mu...

    Authors: Iñaki Pastor-Pons, César Hidalgo-García, María Orosia Lucha-López, Marta Barrau-Lalmolda, Iñaki Rodes-Pastor, Ángel Luis Rodríguez-Fernández and José Miguel Tricás-Moreno

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:41

    Content type: Research

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  13. Post-Infectious Neurological Syndromes (PINS) are heterogeneous neurological disorders with post or para-infectious onset. PINS diagnosis is complex, mainly related to the absence of any recognized guidelines ...

    Authors: Elena Bozzola, Giulia Spina, Massimiliano Valeriani, Laura Papetti, Fabiana Ursitti, Rino Agostiniani, Cristina Mascolo, Margherita Ruggiero, Chiara Di Camillo, Anna Quondamcarlo, Luigi Matera, Davide Vecchio, Luigi Memo and Alberto Villani

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:17

    Content type: Research

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  14. Suicide attempts and self-harm in adolescence are a major public health concern: they are among the main causes of disability-adjusted life-years worldwide, with severe long-term health consequences in terms o...

    Authors: Caterina Zanus, Sara Battistutta, Renata Aliverti, Lorenzo Monasta, Marcella Montico, Luca Ronfani and Marco Carrozzi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:14

    Content type: Research

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  15. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare and underdiagnosed neurometabolic disorder resulting in a complex neurological and non-neurological phenotype, posing diagnostic challenges resul...

    Authors: Carlo Fusco, Vincenzo Leuzzi, Pasquale Striano, Roberta Battini, Alberto Burlina and Carlotta Spagnoli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:13

    Content type: Research

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  16. The literature agrees on the impact of post-traumatic stress symptoms in parents of seriously ill children but there is less clarity about the real extent and gender differences of this psychopathological risk...

    Authors: Martina Corsi, Alessandro Orsini, Virginia Pedrinelli, Andrea Santangelo, Carlo Antonio Bertelloni, Niccolò Carli, Rodolfo Buselli, Diego Peroni, Pasquale Striano, Liliana Dell’Osso and Claudia Carmassi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:8

    Content type: Review

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  17. Mitochondrial diseases, also known as oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) disorders, with a prevalence rate of 1:5000, are the most frequent inherited metabolic diseases. Leigh Syndrome French Canadian type (LS...

    Authors: Ettore Piro, Gregorio Serra, Vincenzo Antona, Mario Giuffrè, Elisa Giorgio, Fabio Sirchia, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Alfredo Brusco and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:140

    Content type: Case report

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  18. For a number of persons with rare diseases (RDs) a definite diagnosis remains undiscovered with relevant physical, psychological and social consequences. Undiagnosed RDs (URDs) require other than specialised c...

    Authors: Marco Salvatore, Agata Polizzi, Maria Chiara De Stefano, Giovanna Floridia, Simone Baldovino, Dario Roccatello, Savino Sciascia, Elisa Menegatti, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Erica Daina, Paraskevas Iatropoulos, Bruno Bembi, Rosalia Maria Da Riol, Alessandra Ferlini, Marcella Neri, Giuseppe Novelli…

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:130

    Content type: Research

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  19. Anticipatory guidance for parents is commonly used to improve parenting skills. The objective of this pre/post-intervention controlled study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a periodic newsletter with advi...

    Authors: Costantino Panza, Alessandro Volta, Serena Broccoli, Laura Bonvicini, Sally Kendall, Maddalena Marchesi and Paolo Giorgi Rossi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:123

    Content type: Research

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  20. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in children is a rare but potentially fatal complication of acute mastoiditis, one of the most common pediatric infectious diseases. Due to its subtle clinical presentation, su...

    Authors: Massimo Luca Castellazzi, Giada Maria di Pietro, Michele Gaffuri, Sara Torretta, Giorgio Conte, Francesco Folino, Sebastiano Aleo, Samantha Bosis and Paola Marchisio

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:122

    Content type: Case report

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  21. Disruptive behavior can have lifetime consequences for youth. Prevention, early identification and treatment of disruptive behavior can improve outcomes for these youth. The purpose of the present study was to...

    Authors: Marzieh Araban, Ali Montazeri, L. A. R. Stein, Mahmood Karimy and Ali Asghar Haeri Mehrizi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:85

    Content type: Research

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  22. Aim of this retrospective study was to describe clinical characteristics, diagnostic work-up, management and follow-up of newborns with neural tube defects (NTDs), admitted to the Mother and Child Department o...

    Authors: Ettore Piro, Gregorio Serra, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Mario Giuffrè and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:72

    Content type: Research

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  24. Vitamin B12 (cobalamin, cbl) deficiency in children is rare and may occurs in exclusively breast fed infants of mothers on vegetarian or vegan diet with lack of appropriate supplementation. The clinical manifesta...

    Authors: Cezary Dubaj, Katarzyna Czyż and Wanda Furmaga-Jabłońska

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:40

    Content type: Case report

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  25. Seizures in individuals affected by tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) commonly develop in the first year of life, are often preceded by a progressive deterioration of the electroencephalogram (EEG), and likely ...

    Authors: M. N. Savini, A. Mingarelli, A. Peron, F. La Briola, F. Cervi, R. M. Alfano, M. P. Canevini and A. Vignoli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:36

    Content type: Research

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  26. CDKL5-related disorders (CDD) is an epileptic encephalopathy resulted of gene mutations of CDKL5. This study aimed to explore the development process of CDD and to expand its mutation spectrum.

    Authors: Yumei Yan, Dake He, Jing Wu, Ruolin Hou, Kun Sun and Ling Li

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:27

    Content type: Research

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  27. The survival of preterm babies has increased worldwide, but the risk of neuro-developmental disabilities remains high, which is of concern to both the public and professionals. The early identification of chil...

    Authors: Licia Lugli, Marisa Pugliese, Carlotta Plessi, Alberto Berardi, Isotta Guidotti, Gina Ancora, Sara Grandi, Giancarlo Gargano, Silvia Braibanti, Fabrizio Sandri, Silvia Soffritti, Elisa Ballardini, Vittoria Arena, Marcello Stella, Serafina Perrone, Sabrina Moretti…

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:26

    Content type: Research

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  28. The pathophysiological etiologies related with the development of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) remain controversial. Different authors have studied neurotoxins such as mercury (Hg) and their relationship wi...

    Authors: Fernando Gil-Hernández, Antonio R. Gómez-Fernández, María Josede la Torre-Aguilar, Juan L. Pérez-Navero, Katherine Flores-Rojas, Pilar Martín-Borreguero and Mercedes Gil-Campos

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:19

    Content type: Research

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  29. The aims of the study were to determine the effects of electronic exposure on behaviors of preschoolers, which could provide scientific grounds to the control of digital screen time and usage of electronics.

    Authors: Guodong Xie, Qianye Deng, Jing Cao and Qing Chang

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:9

    Content type: Research

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  31. Inherited retinal dystrophies are major cause of severe progressive vision loss in children. Early recognition and diagnosis are essential for timely visual rehabilitation during the appropriate stages of the ...

    Authors: Agnese Suppiej, Silvia Marino, Maria Eleonora Reffo, Veronica Maritan, Giovanna Vitaliti, Janette Mailo and Raffaele Falsaperla

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:168

    Content type: Research

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  32. Premature thelarche (PT) is a benevolent ailment affecting young girls. Multiple factors are reported to correlate with this condition, but the mechanisms responsible for the onset of PT have not yet been full...

    Authors: Yueqin Xu, Yan Li, Shuang Liang and Guimei Li

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:166

    Content type: Research

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  33. Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by impairment in social interaction and communication along with repetitive, restricted, and stereotyped behaviors, interests and activities. It is important to detect...

    Authors: Antonia Parmeggiani, Arianna Corinaldesi and Annio Posar

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:144

    Content type: Research

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  34. Around the age of 6 months, difficulties in settling to sleep and frequent night awakenings are generally occurring in 20 to 30% of infants. According to the transactional model parental factors can play a sig...

    Authors: Benedetta Ragni, Simona De Stasio, Daniela Barni, Simonetta Gentile and Rosaria Giampaolo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:134

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  35. Aim of the study is to intercept specific characteristics and psychiatric comorbidity in Down Syndrome (DS). The study describes the distribution and the age of specific aspects of behavioral phenotype in a sa...

    Authors: M. Marino, I. Scala, O. Scicolone, P. Strisciuglio and C. Bravaccio

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:92

    Content type: Research

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  37. The purpose of this report was to present the results of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy associated with parent management training (PMT) in a child with paediatric autoimmune neur...

    Authors: Cristiana A. Guido, Anna Maria Zicari, Marzia Duse and Alberto Spalice

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:74

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  38. Bullying is one of the most common expressions of violence in the peer context during school years. This study investigates the prevalence of bullying and the short-term effects on students’ bullying perceptio...

    Authors: Claudio Costantino, Alessandra Casuccio, Claudia Marotta, Stefania Enza Bono, Gianmarco Ventura, Walter Mazzucco, Francesco Vitale and Vincenzo Restivo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:65

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  39. Epidemiological studies worldwide indicate that teenagers are at risk of internalizing and externalizing problems that persist into adulthood. In our country, there are few epidemiological studies on adolescen...

    Authors: Martina Smorti, Annarita Milone, José Gonzalez Gonzalez and Giovanni Vitali Rosati

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:62

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  40. Migraine is one of the most prevalent chronic pain manifestations of childhood. Despite the multitude of available treatments, parents are often concerned about chronic therapies and pediatricians have insuffi...

    Authors: Filomena Moscano, Michela Guiducci, Lucia Maltoni, Pasquale Striano, Maria Giuseppina Ledda, Francesco Zoroddu, Umberto Raucci, Maria Pia Villa and Pasquale Parisi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:36

    Content type: Research

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  41. Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive bacteria generally transmitted to humans through ingestion of contaminated food. It typically infects high risk subjects, such as pregnant women, neonates, the elderly an...

    Authors: Massimo Luca Castellazzi, Paola Marchisio and Samantha Bosis

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:152

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  42. Ring chromosome 6 (r(6)) is a rare disorder that mainly occurs as a ‘de novo’ event. Nonetheless, a wide phenotypic spectrum has been reported in r(6) cases, depending on breakpoints, size of involved region, ...

    Authors: Frenny Sheth, Thomas Liehr, Viraj Shah, Hillary Shah, Stuti Tewari, Dhaval Solanki, Sunil Trivedi and Jayesh Sheth

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:114

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  43. In adult studies the MTHFR C677T polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk of migraine, but little research has been done in this area in children.

    Authors: A. Orsini, I. Sammartino, A. Valetto, V. Bertini, P. Marchese, A. Bonuccelli and D. G. Peroni

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:106

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  44. The introduction of Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) programs has drastically contributed to the early diagnosis of hearing loss in children, allowing prompt intervention with significant results on ...

    Authors: Rosaria Turchetta, Guido Conti, Pasquale Marsella, Maria Patrizia Orlando, Pasqualina Maria Picciotti, Simonetta Frezza, Francesca Yoshie Russo, Alessandro Scorpecci, Maria Gloria Cammeresi, Sara Giannantonio, Antonio Greco and Massimo Ralli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:104

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  45. In previous study, we have found intermittent oral levetiracetam (LEV) can effectively prevent recurrence of febrile seizure (FS). This study aimed to analyze the effects of the preventive on the patients with...

    Authors: Lin-Yan Hu, Xiu-Yu Shi, Hui Li, Meng-Na Zhang, Shu-Fang Ma and Li-Ping Zou

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:70

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  46. Acute ocular motility disorders (OMDs) in children admitted to Emergency Department (ED) represents a not so rare condition with a wide spectrum of different etiologies. The emergency physician must be skilled...

    Authors: Umberto Raucci, Pasquale Parisi, Nicola Vanacore, Valentina Ferro, Giacomo Garone, Federica Sancetta, Sergio Petroni, Stefano Pro, Rossella Rossi, Antonino Reale and Nicola Pirozzi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:62

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  47. The aim of this retrospective study was to define clinical and molecular characteristics of a large sample of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients, as well as to evaluate mutational spectrum and genotype-ph...

    Authors: Giovanni Corsello, Vincenzo Antona, Gregorio Serra, Federico Zara, Clara Giambrone, Luca Lagalla, Maria Piccione and Ettore Piro

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:45

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  48. The purpose of this study was to determine headache characteristics, impact on daily activities and medication attitudes among a large sample of adolescents in Italy.

    Authors: Thomas Foiadelli, Alessandra Piccorossi, Lucia Sacchi, Mara De Amici, Maurizio Tucci, Ilaria Brambilla, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Salvatore Savasta and Alberto Verrotti

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:44

    Content type: Research

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  49. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is related to a generally increased prevalence of seizures. The mechanism underlying the increased predisposition to seizures has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the study ...

    Authors: Claudia Santoro, Pia Bernardo, Antonietta Coppola, Umberto Pugliese, Mario Cirillo, Teresa Giugliano, Giulio Piluso, Giuseppe Cinalli, Salvatore Striano, Carmela Bravaccio and Silverio Perrotta

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:41

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  50. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a crucial role in the hyperhomocysteinemia, which is a risk factor related to the occurrence of congenital heart defect (CHD). However, the association between...

    Authors: Di Yu, Zhulun Zhuang, Zhongyuan Wen, Xiaodong Zang and Xuming Mo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:108

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

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