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Neonatology and Fetal Medicine

This section covers all aspects of neonatal and fetal health, disease, treatment, and outcomes.

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  1. Association between persistency of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and morbidity in preterm newborns is still controversial. We aimed to investigate the relation between PDA and morbidity in a large retrospec...

    Authors: Gianluca Terrin, Maria Di Chiara, Giovanni Boscarino, Valentina Metrangolo, Francesca Faccioli, Elisa Onestà, Antonella Giancotti, Violante Di Donato, Viviana Cardilli and Mario De Curtis

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:9

    Content type: Research

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  2. Neonatal thrombocytopenia (NT) (platelet count < 150 × 109/L) is a common finding in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of...

    Authors: Amira M. Saber, Shereen P. Aziz, Al Zahraa E. Almasry and Ramadan A. Mahmoud

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:7

    Content type: Research

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  3. Lately, one of the major clinical and public health issues has been represented by Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and the risk of transmission of the infection from mother to child. De...

    Authors: Nicole Olivini, Francesca Ippolita Calò Carducci, Veronica Santilli, Maria Antonietta De Ioris, Alessia Scarselli, Dario Alario, Caterina Geremia, Mary Haywood Lombardi, Caterina Marabotto, Rosanna Mariani, Raffaele Edo Papa, Emanuela Peschiaroli, Raffaella Scrocca, Serena Sinibaldi, Andrea Smarrazzo, Pietro Stella…

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:180

    Content type: Research

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  4. Skilled health professional assisted delivery is an effective strategy to reduce maternal and newborn mortality. Skilled assistant delivery can prevent about 16–33% of maternal and newborn mortality. Despite t...

    Authors: Zemenu Tadesse Tessema and Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:177

    Content type: Research

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  5. Even though neonatal mortality reduction is the major goal needed to be achieved by 2030, it is still unacceptably high especially in Ethiopia. In the other hand, low birth weight is the major cause of neonata...

    Authors: Temesgen Getaneh, Ayenew Negesse, Getenet Dessie and Melaku Desta

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:174

    Content type: Research

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  6. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of sepsis, pneumonia and meningitis in infants, with long term neurodevelopmental sequelae. GBS may be associated with poor pregnancy outcomes, including spontane...

    Authors: Alberto Berardi, Tiziana Cassetti, Roberta Creti, Caterina Vocale, Simone Ambretti, Mario Sarti, Fabio Facchinetti, Stephen Cose, Paul Heath and Kirsty Le Doare

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:160

    Content type: Commentary

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  7. In the recent years, clinical progress and better medical assistance for pregnant women, together with the introduction of new complex technologies, has improved the survival of preterm infants. However, this ...

    Authors: Antonella del Vecchio, Sergio Salerno, Massimo Barbagallo, Gaetano Chirico, Mauro Campoleoni, Vittorio Cannatà, Elisabetta Genovese, Claudio Granata, Andrea Magistrelli and Paolo Tomà

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:159

    Content type: Review

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  8. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD; MIM#263200) is one of the most frequent pediatric renal cystic diseases, with an incidence of 1:20,000. It is caused by mutations of the PKHD1 gene, on chromo...

    Authors: Gregorio Serra, Giovanni Corsello, Vincenzo Antona, Maria Michela D’Alessandro, Nicola Cassata, Marcello Cimador, Mario Giuffrè, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz and Ettore Piro

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:154

    Content type: Case report

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  9. Neonatal mortality remains a serious public health concern in developing countries including Ethiopia. Ethiopia is one of the countries with the highest neonatal mortality in Africa. However, there is limited ...

    Authors: Zemenu Tadesse Tessema and Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:138

    Content type: Research

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  10. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a highly contagious viral disease has spread from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China to all over the world from its first recognition on December 2019. To date, only a few neonat...

    Authors: Setareh Sagheb, Ameneh Lamsehchi, Mohamadreza Jafary, Reza Atef-Yekta and Kourosh Sadeghi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:137

    Content type: Case report

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  11. Hirschsprung disease, the most important congenital colonic dysmotility in children results from neural crest migration, differentiation, proliferation, or apoptosis defects where the rearranged during transfe...

    Authors: Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Marcello Cimador, Mario Giuffrè, Claudia Maria Aiello, Vincenzo Antona, Giovanni Corsello and Ettore Piro

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:135

    Content type: Case report

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  13. Bleedings are more frequent in the population of preterm children than among those born at term, much less in older children. The reasons for such bleedings in preterms include plasma factor deficiencies, imma...

    Authors: Agnieszka Berendt, Monika Wójtowicz-Marzec, Barbara Wysokińska and Anna Kwaśniewska

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:125

    Content type: Case report

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  14. Mothers in low socio-economic conditions frequently have low birth weight infants. Inaddition Physically demanding work during pregnancy also contributes to poor fetal growth. During gestation a woman needs ba...

    Authors: Sielu Alemayehu Desta, Ashenafi Damte and Tsehay Hailu

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:124

    Content type: Research

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  15. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) are serious emergencies in the neonatal period. Although these conditions are recognized as distinct pathologies, literature reports sugge...

    Authors: Federico Mecarini, Federica Comitini, Flaminia Bardanzellu, Paola Neroni and Vassilios Fanos

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:117

    Content type: Case report

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  16. Transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life is a critical phase during which several changes occur in cardiovascular system. In clinical practice, it is important to have a method that allows an easy, ra...

    Authors: Daniela Doni, Silvia Nucera, Camilla Rigotti, Elena Arosio, Valeria Cavalleri, Monica Ronconi, Maria Luisa Ventura and Tiziana Fedeli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:112

    Content type: Research

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  17. Pregnancy may represent a time of exceptional vulnerability to intimate partner violence because of changes in women’s conditions. Despite the fact that intimate partner violence during pregnancy confers consi...

    Authors: Kahsay Zenebe Gebreslasie, Solomon Weldemariam, Gelawdiyos Gebre and Mihret-Ab Mehari

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:107

    Content type: Research

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  18. Preterm infants have an increased risk of cognitive and behavioral deficits and cerebral palsy compared to term born babies. Especially before 32 weeks of gestation, infants may require respiratory support, bu...

    Authors: Laura Cannavò, Immacolata Rulli, Raffaele Falsaperla, Giovanni Corsello and Eloisa Gitto

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:100

    Content type: Review

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  19. The Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Syndrome (SUID) is one of the leading causes of mortality in the first year of life. The aim of this work was the retrospective evaluation of the incidence of SUID and the ef...

    Authors: Raffaele Piumelli, Niccolò Nassi, Annamaria Buccoliero, Rossella Occhini, Vincenzo Nardini, Paolo Toti, Cristina Salvatori, Marta Peruzzi and Cinzia Arzilli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:99

    Content type: Research

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  20. Syndromic congenital heart disease accounts for 30% of cases and can be determined by genetic, environmental or multifactorial causes. In many cases the etiology remains uncertain. Many known genes are respons...

    Authors: Silvia Amodeo, Giuseppe Vitrano, Melania Guardino, Giuseppe Paci, Fulvio Corselli, Vincenzo Antona, Giuseppe Barrano, Monia Magliozzi, Antonio Novelli, Renato Venezia and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:98

    Content type: Case report

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  21. Tracheal agenesis (TA) is a rare disorder usually diagnosed prenatally when a congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is identified. We present a case of unexpected TA in a neonate without prenatal...

    Authors: Alessandro Perri, Maria Letizia Patti, Annamaria Sbordone, Giovanni Vento and Rita Luciano

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:96

    Content type: Case report

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    The Correction to this article has been published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:115

  22. Linezolid is a synthetic antibiotic which is active against most Gram-positive bacteria, especially on Staphylococcus aureus. Its administration can be required when the infection is due to staphylococcus strains...

    Authors: Cinzia Auriti, Fiammetta Piersigilli, Iliana Bersani, Sara Cairoli, Paolina Giuseppina Amante, Daniela Longo and Bianca Maria Goffredo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:90

    Content type: Case report

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  23. Furosemide is approved in full term neonates to treat edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis and renal diseases. It is often administered off-label in premature neonates, to treat respirator...

    Authors: Valeria Anna Manfredini, Chiara Cerini, Antonio Clavenna, Andrea Dotta, Maria Letizia Caccamo, Alex Staffler, Luca Massenzi and Rossano Massimo Rezzonico

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:86

    Content type: Research

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  24. Vitamin A administration may decrease any stage of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants. To evaluate whether vitamin A oral supplementation could be preventive in ROP incidence and severity in V...

    Authors: Francesca Garofoli, Donatella Barillà, Micol Angelini, Iolanda Mazzucchelli, Annalisa De Silvestri, Rosanna Guagliano, Lidia Decembrino and Chryssoula Tzialla

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:77

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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  25. The rate of twinning continues to increase due to the combined effect of a rise in parental age and increased use of assisted reproductive technology. The risk of congenital anomalies in twins is higher than i...

    Authors: Ettore Piro, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Gregorio Serra, Giuseppe Puccio, Mario Giuffrè and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:73

    Content type: Research

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  26. Delayed umbilical cord clamping is associated with greater haemoglobin concentration and iron storage between 3 and 6 months of life and with less need of blood transfusion and lower incidence of neonatal hypo...

    Authors: Giuseppe De Bernardo, Maurizio Giordano, Rita De Santis, Paola Castelli, Desiree Sordino, Daniele Trevisanuto, Giuseppe Buonocore and Serafina Perrone

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:71

    Content type: Research

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  27. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and low birth weight (LBW) continue to be significant public health concerns in many low-income countries including Ethiopia. Yet the effect of maternal HIV infecti...

    Authors: Andualem Zenebe, Betelhem Eshetu and Samson Gebremedhin

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:70

    Content type: Research

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  28. A prompt diagnosis of HIE remains a challenge clinically. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) via a novel proteomic approach, the isobaric tags f...

    Authors: Yuanyuan Zhu, Yajing Yun, Meifang Jin, Gen Li, Hong Li, Po Miao, Xin Ding, Xing Feng, Lixiao Xu and Bin Sun

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:67

    Content type: Research

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  29. Recently, an outbreak of viral pneumonitis in Wuhan, Hubei, China successively spread as a global pandemia, led to the identification of a novel betacoronavirus species, the 2019 novel coronavirus, successivel...

    Authors: Domenico Umberto De Rose, Fiammetta Piersigilli, Maria Paola Ronchetti, Alessandra Santisi, Iliana Bersani, Andrea Dotta, Olivier Danhaive and Cinzia Auriti

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:56

    Content type: Review

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  30. Although disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a critical disease, there is few gold standard interventions in neonatal medicine. The aim of this study is to reveal factors affecting neonatal DIC at ...

    Authors: Hayato Go, Hitoshi Ohto, Kenneth E. Nollet, Nozomi Kashiwabara, Kei Ogasawara, Mina Chishiki, Shun Hiruta, Ichiri Sakuma, Yukihiko Kawasaki and Mitsuaki Hosoya

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:54

    Content type: Research

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  31. An early diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome is challenging, especially for the primary care physicians who often take care of neonates with multiple congenital anomalies. Here we report eight cases of CHARGE syndrom...

    Authors: Maria Francesca Bedeschi, Beatrice Letizia Crippa, Lorenzo Colombo, Martina Buscemi, Cesare Rossi, Roberta Villa, Silvana Gangi, Odoardo Picciolini, Claudia Cinnante, Viola Giulia Carlina Fergnani, Paola Francesca Ajmone, Elisa Scola, Fabio Triulzi and Fabio Mosca

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:53

    Content type: Research

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  32. Feeding intolerance in premature infants is one of the main causes of their long-term hospitalization in NICUs. Massage therapy is a cost-effective intervention that has a positive impact on the health of infa...

    Authors: Leila Seiiedi-Biarag and Mojgan Mirghafourvand

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:52

    Content type: Review

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  33. Exposure to hypothermia is somehow unavoidable when a baby comes to life. This is the reason why any possible effort should be made by every caregiver involved during birth, from labour to transfer into the ma...

    Authors: Daniele Merazzi, Ilia Bresesti, Paolo Tagliabue, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Paola De Lorenzo and Gianluca Lista

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:46

    Content type: Research

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  34. Fetal programming during in utero life defines the set point of physiological and metabolic responses that lead into adulthood; events happening in “the first 1,000 days” (from conception to 2-years of age), p...

    Authors: Benedetta Raspini, Debora Porri, Rachele De Giuseppe, Marcello Chieppa, Marina Liso, Rosa Maria Cerbo, Elisa Civardi, Francesca Garofoli, Maria Cristina Monti, Mirco Vacca, Maria De Angelis and Hellas Cena

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:45

    Content type: Research

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  35. Harlequin Ichthyosis is the most severe variant of congenital autosomal recessive ichthyosis, associated with severe morbidity and potentially lethal in early life. At birth, patients present thick and plaque-...

    Authors: Cinzia Auriti, Roberta Rotunno, Andrea Diociaiuti, Silvia Magni Manzoni, Andrea Uva, Iliana Bersani, Alessandra Santisi, Andrea Dotta and May El Hachem

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:44

    Content type: Case report

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  36. Preterm infants are at risk for structural disruption of brain connectivity due to perinatal complications encountered during the fetal and neonatal periods. This study aimed to investigate the development of ...

    Authors: Jong Ho Cha, Yong-Ho Choi, Jong-Min Lee, Joo Young Lee, Hyun-Kyung Park, Jinsup Kim, Il-Kewon Kim and Hyun Ju Lee

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:43

    Content type: Research

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  37. In the last years, ‘omics’ technologies, and especially metabolomics, emerged as expanding scientific disciplines and promising technologies in the characterization of several pathophysiological processes.

    Authors: Flaminia Bardanzellu and Vassilios Fanos

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:37

    Content type: Review

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  38. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur frequently in intensive care units (NICUs). The aim of this study was to analyze the results of surveillance of HAIs in a III level NICU in Naples, Italy during 20...

    Authors: Marina Silvia Scamardo, Pasquale Dolce, Eliana Pia Esposito, Francesco Raimondi, Maria Triassi and Raffaele Zarrilli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:34

    Content type: Research

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  39. Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC), classified in nine groups, is likely to be underreported, since milder isolated lesions in wellbeing newborns could often be undetected, and solitary lesions in the context of po...

    Authors: Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Mario Giuffrè, Antonello Del Vecchio, Vincenzo Antona, Giovanni Corsello and Ettore Piro

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:25

    Content type: Research

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  41. The optimal management of PDA in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants is still controversial. Aim of our study was to investigate the management of PDA in the Italian neonatal intensive care units (NICU).

    Authors: Benjamim Ficial, Iuri Corsini, Stefano Fiocchi, Federico Schena, Irma Capolupo, Rosa Maria Cerbo, Manuela Condò, Daniela Doni, Simona La Placa, Salvatore Porzio, Katia Rossi, Sabrina Salvadori and Marilena Savoia

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:22

    Content type: Research

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  43. Neonatal acidaemia at birth can increase neonatal morbidity and mortality and it is predictive of neonatal asphyxia. The umbilical blood gas analysis is a valid tool for the evaluation of neonatal acidaemia. H...

    Authors: Giuseppe De Bernardo, Rita De Santis, Maurizio Giordano, Desiree Sordino, Giuseppe Buonocore and Serafina Perrone

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:20

    Content type: Research

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  44. In recent years, medical training has significantly increased the use of simulation for teaching and evaluation. The retraining of medical personnel in Italy is entrusted to the program of Continuous Education...

    Authors: Alice Covelli, Serena Bardelli, Rosa T. Scaramuzzo, Emilio Sigali, Massimiliano Ciantelli, Marta Del Pistoia, Alessia Longo, Selene Tognarelli, Arianna Menciassi and Armando Cuttano

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:13

    Content type: Research

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  45. Preterm birth (PTB) can be caused by different factors. The factors can be classified into different categories: socio demographic, obstetric, reproductive health, medical, behavioral and nutritional related. ...

    Authors: Tariku Laelago, Tadele Yohannes and Gulima Tsige

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:10

    Content type: Review

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  46. In Italy live about 8.7% immigrants, which contribute to more than 15% of all deliveries taking place in Italy. We aimed to investigate whether newborns from high migratory pressure countries (HMPC) mothers ha...

    Authors: Mario De Curtis, Leonardo Villani and Arianna Polo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:8

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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  47. Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the most frequent non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing-loss (SNHL) (i.e., hearing loss due to a cochlear and/or auditory nerve damage). It is widely accepte...

    Authors: Fabio Natale, Mario De Curtis, Bianca Bizzarri, Maria Patrizia Orlando, Massimo Ralli, Giuseppina Liuzzi, Barbara Caravale, Francesco Franco, Aurelia Gaeta, Antonella Giancotti, Francesca Yoshie Russo and Rosaria Turchetta

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:3

    Content type: Research

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  48. Anemia in newborn babies causes asymptomatic to an acute life-threatening event. If untreated, it leads to a delay in brain maturation, tissue hypoxia, and stunted growth. In Sub-Saharan Africa, its burden ran...

    Authors: Tegenaw Tiruneh, Elias Shiferaw and Bamlaku Enawgaw

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:1

    Content type: Research

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  49. Two hundred seventy-five thousand maternal deaths, 2.7 million neonatal deaths, and 2.6 million stillbirths have been estimated in 2015 worldwide, almost all in low-income countries (LICs). Moreover, more than...

    Authors: Gregorio Serra, Vincenzo Miceli, Salvatore Albano and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:152

    Content type: Research

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  50. Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite implementing of different preventive interventions, the burden of neonatal sepsis is reporting in different areas of Et...

    Authors: Mulunesh Alemu, Mulatu Ayana, Hailemariam Abiy, Biniam Minuye, Wubet Alebachew and Aklilu Endalamaw

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:150

    Content type: Research

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