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Neonatology and Fetal Medicine

This section covers all aspects of neonatal and fetal health, disease, treatment, and outcomes.

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  1. The existing treatment options for neonatal seizures have expanded over the last few decades, but no consensus has been reached regarding the optimal therapeutic protocols. We systematically reviewed the avail...

    Authors: Raffaele Falsaperla, Bruna Scalia, Andrea Giugno, Piero Pavone, Milena Motta, Martina Caccamo and Martino Ruggieri

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:85

    Content type: Review

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  2. According to most early-onset sepsis (EOS) management guidelines, approximately 10% of the total neonatal population are exposed to antibiotics in the first postnatal days with subsequent increase of neonatal ...

    Authors: Gianluigi Laccetta, Massimiliano Ciantelli, Cristina Tuoni, Emilio Sigali, Mario Miccoli and Armando Cuttano

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:73

    Content type: Research

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  3. Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. According to the current clinical recommendations, its use during pregnancy should be ca...

    Authors: Elisabetta Godano, Fabio Barra, Alessandra Allodi, Antonella Ferraiolo, Alice Laroni, Giovanni Novi, Giovanni Luigi Mancardi, Claudio Gustavino and Cesare Arioni

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:69

    Content type: Case report

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  4. Recent guidelines advocate the use of real-time ultrasound to locate umbilical venous catheter tip. So far, training programs are not well established.

    Authors: Serena Antonia Rubortone, Simonetta Costa, Alessandro Perri, Vito D’Andrea, Giovanni Vento and Giovanni Barone

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:68

    Content type: Research

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  5. Early postanal growth of preterm infants has many effects on early and late health. However, evidence on growth pattern in Chinese preterm infant population during early life is insufficient. This study aims t...

    Authors: Junyan Han, Yuan Jiang, Jun Huang, Yue Zhang, Ying Zhang, Yi Zhang, Xiaotian Chen, Yun Li and Weili Yan

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:66

    Content type: Research

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  6. Non-negligible differences in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and its risk factors between different neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are reported. Our aim was to assess the incidence and risk factors fo...

    Authors: Carlo Dani, Caterina Coviello, Fiorenza Panin, Saverio Frosini, Simonetta Costa, Velia Purcaro, Domenico Lepore and Giovanni Vento

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:64

    Content type: Research

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  7. Metabolic Acidosis (MA) is a disturbance of the acid-base balance that can occur in preterm and critically ill term neonates due to different etiologies. Intravenous sodium bicarbonate (SB) has been traditiona...

    Authors: Luca Massenzi, Roberto Aufieri, Silvia Donno, Rocco Agostino and Andrea Dotta

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:63

    Content type: Research

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  8. Lack of exclusive breastfeeding during the first half-year of life is an important risk factor for childhood morbidity and mortality. Despite this, less than 40% of infants below 6 months are exclusively breas...

    Authors: Alemnesh Abebe Taye, Wondwosen Asegidew, Mitku Mammo Taderegew, Yonas Girma Bizuwork and Betregiorgis Zegeye

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:55

    Content type: Research

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  9. The Neonatal Assessment Manual scorE (NAME) was developed to assist in the clinical management of infants in the neonatal ward by assessing their body’s compliance and homogeneity. The present study begins its...

    Authors: Andrea Manzotti, Marco Chiera, Matteo Galli, Erica Lombardi, Simona La Rocca, Pamela Biasi, Jorge Esteves, Gianluca Lista and Francesco Cerritelli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:53

    Content type: Research

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  10. The availability of a COVID-19 vaccine has raised the issue of its compatibility with breastfeeding. Consequently, the Italian Society of Neonatology (SIN), the Italian Society of Pediatrics (SIP), the Italian...

    Authors: Riccardo Davanzo, Massimo Agosti, Irene Cetin, Antonio Chiantera, Giovanni Corsello, Luca A. Ramenghi, Annamaria Staiano, Marcello Tavio, Alberto Villani, Elsa Viora and Fabio Mosca

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:45

    Content type: Commentary

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  11. Serious bacterial infection (SBI) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamically increased value of the red cell distribut...

    Authors: Bin-Fang Guo and Su-Zhen Sun

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:44

    Content type: Research

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  12. We aimed to evaluate the degree of realism and involvement, stress management and awareness of performance improvement in practitioners taking part in high fidelity simulation (HFS) training program for delive...

    Authors: Mariachiara Martina Strozzi, Alessandro Varrica, Micaela Colivicchi, Claudia Pelazzo, Rossana Negri, Anna Galante, Patrizia Ianniello, Rossella Sterpone, Priscilla Nannini, Daniela Leo, Francesca Mannarino, Manuel Striani, Stefania Montani and Diego Gazzolo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:42

    Content type: Research

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  13. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease that causes vision loss, vision impairment, and blindness, most frequently manifesting among preterm infants. ROPScore and CHOP ROP (Children’s Hospital of Philade...

    Authors: Huiqing Sun, Yubin Dong, Yanxia Liu, Qingqin Chen, Yanxi Wang, Bin Cheng, Shaobo Qin, Liping Meng, Shanxiu Li, Yanlun Zhang, Aiguo Zhang, Weiling Yan, Yuhong Dong, Shuyi Cheng, Mingchao Li and Zengyuan Yu

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:39

    Content type: Research

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  14. The aim of this study was to collect consistent data on the efficacy and safety and evaluation hepatotoxicity of intravenous acetaminophen for the treatment of PDA in preterm infants.

    Authors: Reza Bahrami, Aida Ezzatabadi, Nima Mehdizadegan, Hamid Mohammadi, Hamid Amoozgar and Mohammadreza Edraki

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:37

    Content type: Research

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  15. Indirect hyperbilirubinemia is frequently encountered during neonatal period. Although it has different causes, in some cases it can’t be explained. Previous studies have illustrated that jaundice could be a m...

    Authors: Ahmed Mahrous Kamal Baz, Osama Abd El-Fattah El-Agamy and Ashraf Mohamed Ibrahim

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:35

    Content type: Research

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  16. Association between persistency of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and morbidity in preterm newborns is still controversial. We aimed to investigate the relation between PDA and morbidity in a large retrospec...

    Authors: Gianluca Terrin, Maria Di Chiara, Giovanni Boscarino, Valentina Metrangolo, Francesca Faccioli, Elisa Onestà, Antonella Giancotti, Violante Di Donato, Viviana Cardilli and Mario De Curtis

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:9

    Content type: Research

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  17. Neonatal thrombocytopenia (NT) (platelet count < 150 × 109/L) is a common finding in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of...

    Authors: Amira M. Saber, Shereen P. Aziz, Al Zahraa E. Almasry and Ramadan A. Mahmoud

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2021 47:7

    Content type: Research

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  18. Lately, one of the major clinical and public health issues has been represented by Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and the risk of transmission of the infection from mother to child. De...

    Authors: Nicole Olivini, Francesca Ippolita Calò Carducci, Veronica Santilli, Maria Antonietta De Ioris, Alessia Scarselli, Dario Alario, Caterina Geremia, Mary Haywood Lombardi, Caterina Marabotto, Rosanna Mariani, Raffaele Edo Papa, Emanuela Peschiaroli, Raffaella Scrocca, Serena Sinibaldi, Andrea Smarrazzo, Pietro Stella…

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:180

    Content type: Research

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  19. Skilled health professional assisted delivery is an effective strategy to reduce maternal and newborn mortality. Skilled assistant delivery can prevent about 16–33% of maternal and newborn mortality. Despite t...

    Authors: Zemenu Tadesse Tessema and Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:177

    Content type: Research

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  20. Even though neonatal mortality reduction is the major goal needed to be achieved by 2030, it is still unacceptably high especially in Ethiopia. In the other hand, low birth weight is the major cause of neonata...

    Authors: Temesgen Getaneh, Ayenew Negesse, Getenet Dessie and Melaku Desta

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:174

    Content type: Research

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  21. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of sepsis, pneumonia and meningitis in infants, with long term neurodevelopmental sequelae. GBS may be associated with poor pregnancy outcomes, including spontane...

    Authors: Alberto Berardi, Tiziana Cassetti, Roberta Creti, Caterina Vocale, Simone Ambretti, Mario Sarti, Fabio Facchinetti, Stephen Cose, Paul Heath and Kirsty Le Doare

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:160

    Content type: Commentary

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  22. In the recent years, clinical progress and better medical assistance for pregnant women, together with the introduction of new complex technologies, has improved the survival of preterm infants. However, this ...

    Authors: Antonella del Vecchio, Sergio Salerno, Massimo Barbagallo, Gaetano Chirico, Mauro Campoleoni, Vittorio Cannatà, Elisabetta Genovese, Claudio Granata, Andrea Magistrelli and Paolo Tomà

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:159

    Content type: Review

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  23. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD; MIM#263200) is one of the most frequent pediatric renal cystic diseases, with an incidence of 1:20,000. It is caused by mutations of the PKHD1 gene, on chromo...

    Authors: Gregorio Serra, Giovanni Corsello, Vincenzo Antona, Maria Michela D’Alessandro, Nicola Cassata, Marcello Cimador, Mario Giuffrè, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz and Ettore Piro

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:154

    Content type: Case report

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  24. Neonatal mortality remains a serious public health concern in developing countries including Ethiopia. Ethiopia is one of the countries with the highest neonatal mortality in Africa. However, there is limited ...

    Authors: Zemenu Tadesse Tessema and Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:138

    Content type: Research

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  25. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a highly contagious viral disease has spread from Wuhan, Hubei Province, China to all over the world from its first recognition on December 2019. To date, only a few neonat...

    Authors: Setareh Sagheb, Ameneh Lamsehchi, Mohamadreza Jafary, Reza Atef-Yekta and Kourosh Sadeghi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:137

    Content type: Case report

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  26. Hirschsprung disease, the most important congenital colonic dysmotility in children results from neural crest migration, differentiation, proliferation, or apoptosis defects where the rearranged during transfe...

    Authors: Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Marcello Cimador, Mario Giuffrè, Claudia Maria Aiello, Vincenzo Antona, Giovanni Corsello and Ettore Piro

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:135

    Content type: Case report

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  28. Bleedings are more frequent in the population of preterm children than among those born at term, much less in older children. The reasons for such bleedings in preterms include plasma factor deficiencies, imma...

    Authors: Agnieszka Berendt, Monika Wójtowicz-Marzec, Barbara Wysokińska and Anna Kwaśniewska

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:125

    Content type: Case report

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  29. Mothers in low socio-economic conditions frequently have low birth weight infants. Inaddition Physically demanding work during pregnancy also contributes to poor fetal growth. During gestation a woman needs ba...

    Authors: Sielu Alemayehu Desta, Ashenafi Damte and Tsehay Hailu

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:124

    Content type: Research

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  30. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) are serious emergencies in the neonatal period. Although these conditions are recognized as distinct pathologies, literature reports sugge...

    Authors: Federico Mecarini, Federica Comitini, Flaminia Bardanzellu, Paola Neroni and Vassilios Fanos

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:117

    Content type: Case report

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  31. Transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life is a critical phase during which several changes occur in cardiovascular system. In clinical practice, it is important to have a method that allows an easy, ra...

    Authors: Daniela Doni, Silvia Nucera, Camilla Rigotti, Elena Arosio, Valeria Cavalleri, Monica Ronconi, Maria Luisa Ventura and Tiziana Fedeli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:112

    Content type: Research

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  32. Pregnancy may represent a time of exceptional vulnerability to intimate partner violence because of changes in women’s conditions. Despite the fact that intimate partner violence during pregnancy confers consi...

    Authors: Kahsay Zenebe Gebreslasie, Solomon Weldemariam, Gelawdiyos Gebre and Mihret-Ab Mehari

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:107

    Content type: Research

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  33. Preterm infants have an increased risk of cognitive and behavioral deficits and cerebral palsy compared to term born babies. Especially before 32 weeks of gestation, infants may require respiratory support, bu...

    Authors: Laura Cannavò, Immacolata Rulli, Raffaele Falsaperla, Giovanni Corsello and Eloisa Gitto

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:100

    Content type: Review

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  34. The Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Syndrome (SUID) is one of the leading causes of mortality in the first year of life. The aim of this work was the retrospective evaluation of the incidence of SUID and the ef...

    Authors: Raffaele Piumelli, Niccolò Nassi, Annamaria Buccoliero, Rossella Occhini, Vincenzo Nardini, Paolo Toti, Cristina Salvatori, Marta Peruzzi and Cinzia Arzilli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:99

    Content type: Research

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  35. Syndromic congenital heart disease accounts for 30% of cases and can be determined by genetic, environmental or multifactorial causes. In many cases the etiology remains uncertain. Many known genes are respons...

    Authors: Silvia Amodeo, Giuseppe Vitrano, Melania Guardino, Giuseppe Paci, Fulvio Corselli, Vincenzo Antona, Giuseppe Barrano, Monia Magliozzi, Antonio Novelli, Renato Venezia and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:98

    Content type: Case report

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  36. Tracheal agenesis (TA) is a rare disorder usually diagnosed prenatally when a congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is identified. We present a case of unexpected TA in a neonate without prenatal...

    Authors: Alessandro Perri, Maria Letizia Patti, Annamaria Sbordone, Giovanni Vento and Rita Luciano

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:96

    Content type: Case report

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    The Correction to this article has been published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:115

  37. Linezolid is a synthetic antibiotic which is active against most Gram-positive bacteria, especially on Staphylococcus aureus. Its administration can be required when the infection is due to staphylococcus strains...

    Authors: Cinzia Auriti, Fiammetta Piersigilli, Iliana Bersani, Sara Cairoli, Paolina Giuseppina Amante, Daniela Longo and Bianca Maria Goffredo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:90

    Content type: Case report

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  38. Furosemide is approved in full term neonates to treat edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis and renal diseases. It is often administered off-label in premature neonates, to treat respirator...

    Authors: Valeria Anna Manfredini, Chiara Cerini, Antonio Clavenna, Andrea Dotta, Maria Letizia Caccamo, Alex Staffler, Luca Massenzi and Rossano Massimo Rezzonico

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:86

    Content type: Research

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  39. Vitamin A administration may decrease any stage of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants. To evaluate whether vitamin A oral supplementation could be preventive in ROP incidence and severity in V...

    Authors: Francesca Garofoli, Donatella Barillà, Micol Angelini, Iolanda Mazzucchelli, Annalisa De Silvestri, Rosanna Guagliano, Lidia Decembrino and Chryssoula Tzialla

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:77

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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  40. The rate of twinning continues to increase due to the combined effect of a rise in parental age and increased use of assisted reproductive technology. The risk of congenital anomalies in twins is higher than i...

    Authors: Ettore Piro, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Gregorio Serra, Giuseppe Puccio, Mario Giuffrè and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:73

    Content type: Research

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  41. Delayed umbilical cord clamping is associated with greater haemoglobin concentration and iron storage between 3 and 6 months of life and with less need of blood transfusion and lower incidence of neonatal hypo...

    Authors: Giuseppe De Bernardo, Maurizio Giordano, Rita De Santis, Paola Castelli, Desiree Sordino, Daniele Trevisanuto, Giuseppe Buonocore and Serafina Perrone

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:71

    Content type: Research

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  42. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and low birth weight (LBW) continue to be significant public health concerns in many low-income countries including Ethiopia. Yet the effect of maternal HIV infecti...

    Authors: Andualem Zenebe, Betelhem Eshetu and Samson Gebremedhin

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:70

    Content type: Research

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  43. A prompt diagnosis of HIE remains a challenge clinically. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) via a novel proteomic approach, the isobaric tags f...

    Authors: Yuanyuan Zhu, Yajing Yun, Meifang Jin, Gen Li, Hong Li, Po Miao, Xin Ding, Xing Feng, Lixiao Xu and Bin Sun

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:67

    Content type: Research

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  44. Recently, an outbreak of viral pneumonitis in Wuhan, Hubei, China successively spread as a global pandemia, led to the identification of a novel betacoronavirus species, the 2019 novel coronavirus, successivel...

    Authors: Domenico Umberto De Rose, Fiammetta Piersigilli, Maria Paola Ronchetti, Alessandra Santisi, Iliana Bersani, Andrea Dotta, Olivier Danhaive and Cinzia Auriti

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:56

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  45. Although disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a critical disease, there is few gold standard interventions in neonatal medicine. The aim of this study is to reveal factors affecting neonatal DIC at ...

    Authors: Hayato Go, Hitoshi Ohto, Kenneth E. Nollet, Nozomi Kashiwabara, Kei Ogasawara, Mina Chishiki, Shun Hiruta, Ichiri Sakuma, Yukihiko Kawasaki and Mitsuaki Hosoya

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:54

    Content type: Research

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  46. An early diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome is challenging, especially for the primary care physicians who often take care of neonates with multiple congenital anomalies. Here we report eight cases of CHARGE syndrom...

    Authors: Maria Francesca Bedeschi, Beatrice Letizia Crippa, Lorenzo Colombo, Martina Buscemi, Cesare Rossi, Roberta Villa, Silvana Gangi, Odoardo Picciolini, Claudia Cinnante, Viola Giulia Carlina Fergnani, Paola Francesca Ajmone, Elisa Scola, Fabio Triulzi and Fabio Mosca

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:53

    Content type: Research

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  47. Feeding intolerance in premature infants is one of the main causes of their long-term hospitalization in NICUs. Massage therapy is a cost-effective intervention that has a positive impact on the health of infa...

    Authors: Leila Seiiedi-Biarag and Mojgan Mirghafourvand

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:52

    Content type: Review

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  48. Exposure to hypothermia is somehow unavoidable when a baby comes to life. This is the reason why any possible effort should be made by every caregiver involved during birth, from labour to transfer into the ma...

    Authors: Daniele Merazzi, Ilia Bresesti, Paolo Tagliabue, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Paola De Lorenzo and Gianluca Lista

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:46

    Content type: Research

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  49. Fetal programming during in utero life defines the set point of physiological and metabolic responses that lead into adulthood; events happening in “the first 1,000 days” (from conception to 2-years of age), p...

    Authors: Benedetta Raspini, Debora Porri, Rachele De Giuseppe, Marcello Chieppa, Marina Liso, Rosa Maria Cerbo, Elisa Civardi, Francesca Garofoli, Maria Cristina Monti, Mirco Vacca, Maria De Angelis and Hellas Cena

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:45

    Content type: Research

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  50. Harlequin Ichthyosis is the most severe variant of congenital autosomal recessive ichthyosis, associated with severe morbidity and potentially lethal in early life. At birth, patients present thick and plaque-...

    Authors: Cinzia Auriti, Roberta Rotunno, Andrea Diociaiuti, Silvia Magni Manzoni, Andrea Uva, Iliana Bersani, Alessandra Santisi, Andrea Dotta and May El Hachem

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2020 46:44

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

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