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Neonatology and Fetal Medicine

This section covers all aspects of neonatal and fetal health, disease, treatment, and outcomes.

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  1. Among breastfeeding determinants, the marketing of breast milk substitutes might contribute to suboptimal breastfeeding rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of receiving information on br...

    Authors: Fabio Mosca, Paola Roggero, Francesca Garbarino, Daniela Morniroli, Beatrice Bracco, Laura Morlacchi, Domenica Mallardi, Maria Lorella Gianni and Dario Consonni

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:134

    Content type: Research

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  2. Neonatal seizures are the most common neurological event in newborns, showing higher prevalence in preterm than in full-term infants. In the majority of cases they represent acute symptomatic phenomena, the ma...

    Authors: Carlotta Spagnoli, Raffaele Falsaperla, Michela Deolmi, Giovanni Corsello and Francesco Pisani

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:115

    Content type: Review

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  3. Fetal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), characterized by fetal heart rate between 220 and 260 bpm, is a rare but most commonly encountered fetal cardiac arrhythmia in pregnancy that may be associated with ad...

    Authors: Vincenzo Zanardo, Alphonse Simbi, Matteo Parotto, Lorenzo Severino, Riccardo Carta, Pietro Guerrini and Gianluca Straface

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:111

    Content type: Case report

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    The Correction to this article has been published in Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2019 45:21

  4. The neonatal period is only 1/60th of the first 5 years of life but it accounts for 63% of all infant deaths and 44% of all under-five deaths in Ethiopia. Most causes of neonatal death are preventable with clean ...

    Authors: Tadese Ejigu Tafere, Mesganaw Fanthahun Afework and Alemayehu Worku Yalew

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:105

    Content type: Research

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  5. Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) is a serious complication in preterm infants receiving prolonged parenteral nutrition. Soybean lipid emulsion (SLE) seems to have a role in its pathogenesis, ...

    Authors: Simonetta Costa, Rossella Iannotta, Luca Maggio, Giovanni Barone, Francesca Serrao and Giovanni Vento

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:101

    Content type: Research

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  6. Continuous glucose monitoring using subcutaneous sensors is useful in the management of glucose control in neonatal intensive care. We evaluated feasibility and reliability of a continuous glucose monitoring s...

    Authors: Alessandro Perri, Lucia Giordano, Mirta Corsello, Francesca Priolo, Giovanni Vento, Enrico Zecca and Eloisa Tiberi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:99

    Content type: Research

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  7. Congenital space-occupying thoracic malformations and diaphragmatic hernia have in common pulmonary hypoplasia. Our study aims to assess cardiac involvement during post-natal adaptation.

    Authors: Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Mario Giuffrè, Ettore Piro, Maria Clara Leone, Giuseppa Pinello and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:98

    Content type: Research

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  8. Human milk (HM) is the best feeding for premature infants. When own mother’s milk (OMM) is insufficient or unavailable, pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) and preterm formula (PF) are the alternative nutritio...

    Authors: Simonetta Costa, Luca Maggio, Giovanni Alighieri, Giovanni Barone, Francesco Cota and Giovanni Vento

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:96

    Content type: Research

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  10. Neonatal priapism is a rare condition with only 26 described cases in literature since 1879. It is defined as a persistent penile erection occurring in the first 28 days of life, lasting at least 4 h that usua...

    Authors: Claudia Fanni, Maria Antonietta Marcialis, Maria Cristina Pintus, Cristina Loddo and Vassilios Fanos

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:85

    Content type: Review

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  11. Necrotizing enterocolitis continues to be a devastating disease process for very low birth weight infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. The aetiology and pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis are not d...

    Authors: Gabriella D’Angelo, Pietro Impellizzeri, Lucia Marseglia, Angela Simona Montalto, Tiziana Russo, Ignazio Salamone, Raffaele Falsaperla, Giovanni Corsello, Carmelo Romeo and Eloisa Gitto

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:84

    Content type: Review

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  13. Newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and esophageal atresia (EA) might experience breastfeeding difficulties. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of breastfeeding in newborns with...

    Authors: G Salvatori, S Foligno, M Massoud, F Piersigilli, P Bagolan and A Dotta

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:75

    Content type: Research

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  14. Strategies to prevent early-onset sepsis (EOS) have led to a substantial decline in many countries. However, one of the most controversial topics in neonatology is the management of asymptomatic full-term and ...

    Authors: Alberto Berardi, Chryssoula Tzialla, Laura Travan, Jenny Bua, Daniele Santori, Milena Azzalli, Caterina Spada and Laura Lucaccioni

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:73

    Content type: Commentary

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  15. Most Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) in China have restricted visiting policies for parents. This also implicates that parents are not involved in the care of their infant. Family Integrated Care (FIC), ...

    Authors: Shi-wen He, Yue-e Xiong, Li-hui Zhu, Bo Lv, Xi-rong Gao, Hua Xiong, Huan Wang, Hua-rong Shi and Jos M. Latour

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:65

    Content type: Research

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  16. Ethiopia is among the countries with the highest neonatal mortality with the rate of 37 deaths per 1000 live births. In spite of many efforts by the government and other partners, non significant decline has b...

    Authors: Tilahun Tewabe, Yenatfanta Mehariw, Eyerusalem Negatie and Bertukan Yibeltal

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:57

    Content type: Research

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  17. Birth asphyxia is defined as the presence of hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acidosis leading the newborn to systemic disturbances probably electrolyte disturbance also. Knowledge of these electrolyte disturbances i...

    Authors: Jitendra Thakur, Nisha Keshary Bhatta, Rupa Rajbhandari Singh, Prakash Poudel, Madhab Lamsal and Anjum Shakya

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:56

    Content type: Research

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  18. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has been approved for the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) in term and near-term newborns. Its role in the management of persistent pulmonary hype...

    Authors: Martina Busè, Francesco Graziano, Fabio Lunetta, Giorgio Sulliotti and Vincenzo Duca

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:55

    Content type: Case report

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  19. Vitamin K, a fat soluble vitamin, is a necessary cofactor for the activation of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, X, and protein C and S. In neonatal period, vitamin K deficiency may lead to Vitamin K Deficienc...

    Authors: Maria Rosaria Marchili, Elisa Santoro, Alessandra Marchesi, Simona Bianchi, Lelia Rotondi Aufiero and Alberto Villani

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:36

    Content type: Case report

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  21. Unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery (UAPA) is a rare congenital malformation often associated with other cardiac anomalies; however it may occur as an isolated lesion. Isolated absence of the right pulm...

    Authors: Akamin Raymond, Ettore Pedretti, Giuseppina Privitera, Cristina Cicero and Giacomo Biasucci

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:27

    Content type: Case report

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  22. The aim of this study was to define different characteristics of infants with esophageal atresia and correlations with neonatal level of care, morbidity and mortality occurring during hospital stay.

    Authors: Ettore Piro, Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz, Mario Giuffrè, Giovanni Cuffaro, Simona La Placa, Vincenzo Antona, Federico Matina, Giuseppe Puccio, Marcello Cimador and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:19

    Content type: Research

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  23. To determine longitudinally the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D) and vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) levels in mother-neonate pairs and evaluate the efficiency of prophylactic vitamin...

    Authors: Hakan Doneray, Remziye Seda Yesilcibik, Esra Laloglu, Metin Ingec and Zerrin Orbak

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:15

    Content type: Research

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  24. Acute bronchiolitis is the most common cause of hospitalizations in infants < 12 months of age and preventive efforts remain the most important strategy to date. Recently prophylaxis with palivizumab (PLV) was...

    Authors: Simonetta Picone, Adele Fabiano, Davide Roma and Piermichele Paolillo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:11

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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  25. Perinatal asphyxia (PA) occurs in about 2 to 10 per 1000 live full-term births. Although neonatal epileptic seizures are observed in up to 60% of cases, PA may mimic or subtend other conditions. Hypoxia relate...

    Authors: Giacomo Biasucci, Nicola Morelli, Federica Natacci and Massimo Mastrangelo

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:8

    Content type: Case report

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  26. In Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs), parent satisfaction and their experiences are fundamental to assess clinical practice and improve the quality of care delivered to infants and parents. Recently, a spe...

    Authors: Immacolata Dall’Oglio, Martina Fiori, Emanuela Tiozzo, Rachele Mascolo, Anna Portanova, Orsola Gawronski, Angela Ragni, Patrizia Amadio, Antonello Cocchieri, Roberta Fida, Rosaria Alvaro, Gennaro Rocco and Jos M. Latour

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:5

    Content type: Research

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  27. In neonatal endotracheal intubation, excessive pressure on soft tissues during laryngoscopy can determine permanent injury. Low-fidelity skill trainers do not give valid feedback about this issue. This study d...

    Authors: Davide Panizza, Rosa T. Scaramuzzo, Francesca Moscuzza, Ilaria Vannozzi, Massimiliano Ciantelli, Marzia Gentile, Ilaria Baldoli, Selene Tognarelli, Antonio Boldrini and Armando Cuttano

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2018 44:4

    Content type: Research

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  28. Pulmonary disorders and respiratory failure represent one of the most common morbidities of preterm newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The use of nasal high-flow therapy (nHFT) has bee...

    Authors: Antonio Di Mauro, Manuela Capozza, Sergio Cotugno, Silvio Tafuri, Francesco Paolo Bianchi, Federico Schettini, Raffaella Panza and Nicola Laforgia

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:116

    Content type: Research

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  29. Despite an increased use of non-invasive ventilatory strategies and gentle ventilation, pneumothorax remains a common complication in preterm infants. The ventilator management of infants with air leaks remain...

    Authors: Claudia Aurilia, Cinzia Ricci, Milena Tana, Chiara Tirone, Alessandra Lio, Alessandro Gambacorta, Angela Paladini and Giovanni Vento

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:114

    Content type: Case report

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  30. The rapid advancement of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and the decrease in costs for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequening (WGS), has prompted its clinical application in severa...

    Authors: Alessandro Borghesi, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Luigi Memo, Giovanni Battista Ferrero, Andrea Bartuli, Maurizio Genuardi, Mauro Stronati, Alberto Villani, Alessandra Renieri and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:100

    Content type: Review

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  31. There are no Italian data regarding the strategies for preventing neonatal group B streptococcal (GBS) infection. We conducted a national survey in order to explore obstetrical, neonatal and microbiological pr...

    Authors: Chryssoula Tzialla, Alberto Berardi, Claudio Farina, Pierangelo Clerici, Alessandro Borghesi, Elsa Viora, Paolo Scollo and Mauro Stronati

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:98

    Content type: Research

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  32. The relationship between premature birth and early cognitive function as measured by eye-tracking data remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of prematurity on the development of...

    Authors: Hokyoung Ryu, Garam Han, Jaeran Choi, Hyun-Kyung Park, Mi Jung Kim, Dong-Hyun Ahn and Hyun Ju Lee

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:90

    Content type: Research

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  33. Newborn hearing screening has to be considered the first step of a program for the identification, diagnosis, treatment and habilitation/rehabilitation of children with hearing impairment.

    Authors: Stefano Berrettini, Paolo Ghirri, Francesco Lazzerini, Giovanni Lenzi and Francesca Forli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:82

    Content type: Commentary

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  34. The Mediterranean diet has been for a very long time the basis of food habits all over the countries of the Mediterranean basin, originally founded on rural models and low consumption of meat products and high...

    Authors: Maximilian Fischer, Mauro Stronati and Marcello Lanari

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:74

    Content type: Review

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  35. Following the most recent modification by the American Academy of Pediatrics, based on American studies on RSV epidemiology, the Italian Drug Agency (AIFA) decided to limit the total financial coverage of the ...

    Authors: Antonino Capizzi, Michela Silvestri, Andrea Orsi, Renato Cutrera, Giovanni A. Rossi and Oliviero Sacco

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:71

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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  36. The recognition, follow-up, and early treatment of neonatal jaundice has become more difficult, since the earlier discharge of newborns from hospitals has become common practice. Since intrapartum hypoxic stre...

    Authors: Vincenzo Zanardo, Federico de Luca, Alphonse K. Simbi, Matteo Parotto, Pietro Guerrini and Gianluca Straface

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:67

    Content type: Research

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  37. In Cameroon, sustainable effort needs to be done to reduce the current neonatal mortality rate from 21 deaths per 1000 live births to the global target of fewer than ten deaths per 1000 live births by 2035. We...

    Authors: Paul Koki Ndombo, Quinta Mua Ekei, Joel Noutakdie Tochie, Mazou Ngou Temgoua, Francky Teddy Endomba Angong, Ferdinand Ndom Ntock and Lawrence Mbuagbaw

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:52

    Content type: Research

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  38. Recently, the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities (CA) increased as the increasing proportion of mothers with advanced age. We aimed to explore the prevalence of CA in relation to maternal age and perinata...

    Authors: Xiao-Hui Zhang, Li-Qian Qiu, Ying-Hui Ye and Jian Xu

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:47

    Content type: Research

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  41. Drug use in preterm neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) has been investigated, so far, in terms of unauthorized or off-label use; very little is known on the use of combinations of differe...

    Authors: A. Girardi, S. Galletti, E. Raschi, A. Koci, E. Poluzzi, G. Faldella and F. De Ponti

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:37

    Content type: Research

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  42. Family-Centred Care (FCC) is recognized as an important component of all paediatric care, including neonatal care, although practical clinical guidelines to support this care model are still needed in Italy. T...

    Authors: Giuseppe De Bernardo, Maria Svelto, Maurizio Giordano, Desiree Sordino and Marina Riccitelli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:36

    Content type: Research

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  43. We studied late preterm and term infants who were admitted to our neonatal care unit in a tertiary hospital for unexpected episodes of cyanosis that occurred during rooming-in for evaluation of their frequency...

    Authors: Carlo Dani, Livia Drovandi, Giovanna Bertini, Chiara Poggi and Simone Pratesi

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:35

    Content type: Research

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  44. We aimed to examine current bedside analgesia/sedation (A/S) and pain assessment (PA) practices in Italian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in relation to the findings of an epidemiological European study...

    Authors: Paola Lago, Anna Chiara Frigo, Eugenio Baraldi, Roberta Pozzato, Emilie Courtois, Jérôme Rambaud, Kanwaljeet J. S. Anand and Ricardo Carbajal

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:26

    Content type: Research

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  45. Guidelines on immunoprophylaxis for prevention of RSV infection recommend it in preterm babies born before 29 wGA; in babies affected by bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital heart defects; and in post-hear...

    Authors: Gianvincenzo Zuccotti and Valentina Fabiano

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:17

    Content type: Letter to the Editor

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  46. Candida parapsilosis is increasingly responsible for invasive candidiasis in neonates. This study investigates phenotypic and genotypic features of C. parapsilosis microbial isolates a...

    Authors: Carmine Garzillo, Maria Bagattini, Lidija Bogdanović, Anna Di Popolo, Vita Dora Iula, Maria Rosaria Catania, Francesco Raimondi, Maria Triassi and Raffaele Zarrilli

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2017 43:10

    Content type: Research

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  48. Cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of congenital infection in the developed countries. Gastrointestinal involvement has been extensively described in both adult and paediatric immunocompromised patients ...

    Authors: Claudia Colomba, Mario Giuffrè, Simona La Placa, Antonio Cascio, Marcello Trizzino, Simona De Grazia and Giovanni Corsello

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2016 42:105

    Content type: Case report

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  49. White matter (WM) abnormalities associated with prematurity are one of the most important causes of neurological disability that involves spastic motor deficits in preterm newborns. This study aimed to evaluat...

    Authors: Do-yeon Kim, Hyun-Kyung Park, Nam-Su Kim, Se-Jin Hwang and Hyun Ju Lee

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2016 42:104

    Content type: Research

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  50. Infants born at 34 to 36 weeks of gestation (late preterm) are at greater risk for adverse outcomes than those born at 37 weeks of gestation or later. Aim of this paper is to examine risk factors for late pret...

    Authors: M. P. De Carolis, G. Pinna, C. Cocca, S. A. Rubortone, C. Romagnoli, I. Bersani, S. Salvi, A. Lanzone and S. De Carolis

    Citation: Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2016 42:87

    Content type: Research

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